1. Great Depression

2. Warm-Up: Pick up Notes Packet + Assignment Packet and answer top part of page 1
Schedule
Warm-Up
PowerPoint
Key Question/Closure: How did the US get itself into one of the worst economic disasters in history?
Assignment Packet page 1 due Wednesday

3. The Myth of Prosperity
Mood of most Americans in late 1920s was optimistic
In 1928, Republican President Herbert Hoover declared, “poverty will be banished from this nation.”
Few people realized that serious economic issues were coming

5. Looking at this chart, what information jumps out at you?
What does this graph tell us about the US economically?

6. Economic Danger Signs
Many industries were producing more and more goods
Majority of middle class and poor incomes didn’t rise enough to buy additional goods (cars, refrigerators etc) + little savings
60% of America living on less than $2,000 a year = poverty line

8. Many items were not sold and piled up in warehouses (too much supply, too little demand)
Businesses could not sell products  can’t pay for materials + salaries  close factories and lay off workers

9. Get-rich-quick’ attitude was popular
Speculation  practice of investors of buying and selling risky stocks in the hope of making a quick profit
To attract other than wealthy investors  buying on margin  investors could buy a stock for a fraction of its original price (10- 50%) and borrow the rest
If stock prices fall  borrowers wouldn’t be able to repay loan

10. The Crash and the Great Depression
Only 8 months in office, President Hoover faced an economic calamity
October  Beginning of economic depression  severe economic slump (stock prices sharply decline)

11. Economy got worse when financial panic led to stock market crash of 1929
Stocks went from being worth a fortune to worthless
Investors tried to sell stock before going bankrupt
Oct 29th  Black Tuesday  stock prices fell 75%
Millions lost life savings

12. In the following months, thousands of banks closed (ran out of money)
People couldn’t afford everyday products  businesses laid off workers

13. The Great Depression
Great Depression  worst economic crisis in US history + impacted whole world
Many European countries borrowed from Europe to rebuild post WWI
When US economy tanked  called in loans that couldn’t be repaid
Europe’s economy failed
From (entry into WWII)

14. Hoover Loses the Nation
As unemployment, hunger and homelessness grew, Americans looked to President Hoover to end their suffering
Hoover did not want to increase the government’s role in the economy or aid to the needy
Encouraged private charities to aid people + businesses to maintain wages
Eventually, but too late, realized change was needed

15. Reconstruction Finance Corporation  govt- funded program give loans directly to banks
Public works—govt funded construction projects that would create jobs and assist communities with issues  Hoover Dam (cheap water-powered electricity)

16. Bonus Army Incident
WWI veterans promised bonus for service (not due until after 1940)
Veterans demand early payment in 1932  Congress rejected idea
Veterans protest outside Washington DC in Hooverville—village of huts + shacks

17. President Hoover ordered the army to clear the campsite  a few casualties
Shelters and belongings burned
Americans were outraged with incident + reputation as a ‘do- nothing’ president led America to choose Franklin D Roosevelt as president in 1932.

18. Warm-Up: Complete review questions on page 4 in Notes Packet
Schedule
Warm-Up
PowerPoint: FDR’s New Deal
Powerful speaker analysis
Key Question/Closure: How did FDR attempt to restore America’s confidence?
Assignment Packet page 1 due Wednesday

19. Who are the people in the political cartoon?
What is happening in the cartoon with the 3 characters?

20. FDR Takes Charge
FDR’s words reassured Americans and gave them hope that their country could prosper once again
From November-March, country had to wait for FDR to become president
20th Amendment  moved Inauguration to January
As FDR waited, he studied America’s problems

21. FDR created programs to fight Great Depression  New Deal
In First New Deal ( )  FDR focused on relief, recovery & reform

22. First 100 Days  period of time when the power and influence of the President is greatest and Congress is most cooperative

23. FDR’s initial steps:
Declare bank holiday  close all banks and have government inspectors examine health of all banks
Opened only banks that were in good shape  people begin to put money back in (banks begin to make loans)

24. Fire-side chats  series of radio talks in which he explained his policies to the American public

25. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Insures bank deposits (your money) up to a certain amount
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
Regulate stock market + protect investors
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Hired young men to work on conservation (plant trees and maintain beaches + parks)
Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)
Attempted to raise farm prices by paying farmers to lower farm output
Public Works Administration (PWA)
Created jobs by having people build public works (highways + bridges)

26. Warm-Up: Complete warm-up question on page 8 in notes packet
Schedule
Warm-Up
Social Security Analysis
FDR & Supreme Court Analysis
PowerPoint Notes
Key Question/Closure: Identify and describe the major issues FDR faced in his second term as President?
Assignment Packet page 2 due Friday

27. FDR’S 2ND NEW DEAL
In 1935, Congress passed the Social Security Act— provide security, in the form of old age pensions, disability payments & unemployment benefits
While a person worked, a small amount of each paycheck goes to Social Security fund
Work matches employee’s contributions
When retired, person would receive monthly payments
Wagner Act  protect labor rights (form unions, collective bargaining—wages/conditions)

28. Roosevelt’s Critics
How do these political cartoons illustrate issues with FDR’s New Deal policies?

29. Republicans  knew something had to be done about the Great Depression BUT Roosevelt went too far (too much government control + spending)
New Deal was seen as a form of socialism  take away private business, property, liberty = society control nation’s wealth
Democrats  New Deal programs didn’t go far enough (more spending/govt control)

30. Throughout the 1st New Deal era, the Supreme Court had caused FDR his greatest frustration
Most of the 9 judges believed FDR’s programs gave the government too much power  declared several unconstitutional

31. 1937, FDR proposed radical Supreme Court reform bill
Add 6 judges to original 9

33. Many saw FDR’s real vision  ‘packing the court’ with judges who share his views and support New Deal laws
Interfered with checks/balances  vetoed
In end, Roosevelt, got what he wanted with Supreme Court justices dying and retiring but…lost more than he won
Harshly criticized (dictator)  united political opponents against him until WWII

34. New Deal Slows Down: Recession of 1937
Industrial production (supply) + employment decrease causes
Social Security tax  took money out of paycheck = less $$ spend
FDR cut back on supporting government-run programs
FDR afraid of deficit spending— borrow money to fund programs while taking in less money
Economy wouldn’t recover until WWII

35. Warm-Up: Start working on page 11 in notes packet.
Schedule
Warm-Up
Word-Web Activities
Key Question/Closure: How did the Great Depression happen? How did FDR attempt to solve the problem? What major issues did FDR run into?
Assignment Packet page 2 due tomorrow + Quiz

36. Warm-Up: Hand in review vocabulary page and go over quiz procedures
Schedule
Warm-Up
Great Depression Quiz
When finished, grab reading + questions and complete for section 3  Due Monday
Key Question/Closure: How did the Great Depression happen? How did FDR attempt to solve the problem? What major issues did FDR run into?
Assignment Packet page 3 due Monday

37. Warm-Up: Take out notes packet and answer questions near top of page 14
Schedule
Warm-Up
Dust Storm Disaster
PowerPoint
Railroad Reading
Key Question/Closure: How did most Americans fair during the Great Depression?
Assignment: NONE DBQ TOMORROW

38. Living Through Hard Times: Dust Bowl
Few people escaped financial hardship during the Great Depression
Farmers, especially on the Great Plains out west, were hit the hardest
In the early 1930s, a drought hit the Great Plains and lasted for several years
Land had already been damaged from before by farming and grazing practices
Winds picked up dry dirt and created mile long dust storms which ravaged farms and blocked out the sun
Areas affected: Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico (12,500 square miles)

39. Took until the early 1940s for steady rain to return
With crops and cattle buried under layers of dirt  thousands of farmers moved to California for work (Okies from Oklahoma)
By 1940, 2.5 million people left the Midwest and traveled west
But California farm towns quickly became over-populated
Took until the early 1940s for steady rain to return

40. Living Through Hard Times: Unemployment
Without work, families couldn’t afford to buy food  bread lines feed thousands
Lost homes  shacks, huts, under bridges, cars

41. Living Through Hard Times: Women & Kids
Children had to grow up fast during the Great Depression
Boys typically dropped out of school to work
Girls stayed home to take care of younger siblings
Some teens ran away from home to avoid being a burden to their families
Women had to give up their jobs to men or work in low-paying jobs men didn’t want

42. Warm-Up: Grab DBQ Packet and begin working on outline
Schedule
Warm-Up
Great Depression DBQ (outline + essay)
Key Question/Closure: What events led to the Great Depression? How were people affected?
Assignment: DBQ TOMORROW TEST COMING UP

43. Warm-Up: Answer the warm-up question on page 20 in notes packet
Schedule
Warm-Up
Letters to Mrs. Roosevelt
Grapes of Wrath
Key Question/Closure: Culturally, how was the Great Depression perceived?
Assignment: TEST COMING UP

44. Warm-Up: Students will pick up review packet questions and complete independently
Schedule
Warm-Up
Review packet
Class review of review packet
Key Question/Closure: How did the federal government respond to the Great Depression?
Assignment: TEST COMING UP

45. Warm-Up: Go over test procedures
Schedule
Warm-Up
Great Depression Test
Key Question/Closure: How did the federal government respond to the Great Depression?
Assignment: NONE

46. Warm-Up: Take Cinderella Man packet from front cart.
Schedule
Warm-Up
Great Depression discussion
Background on Cinderella Man + Writing Assignment
Cinderella Man Movie
Writing Assignment on Cinderella Man
Key Question/Closure: How does the movie Cinderella Man relate to our class discussions on the Great Depression?
Assignment: Cinderella Writing Assignment