1. AIM: How were the New England colonies created?
The Settlement
of New England
AIM: How were the New England colonies created?

2. The New England Colonies
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island
New Hampshire

3. Who were the Puritans? Wanted to purify (reform the Church of England
Disliked organ music, fancy churches
Persecuted by King Charles I

4. The Puritans Believed all human beings were evil
Satan was always present
Citizens found guilty of sins were humiliated
Letters on back
Dunked in ponds
Stand in pillories

5. Religious Persecution
STOCKS

7. 1. The Massachusetts Bay Colony
1629  Puritans get a royal charter to form the MA Bay Colony.
Wanted to escape religious persecution
1630  1,000 people set off in 11 well-stocked ships
Established a colony with Boston as its hub.
Called “Great Migration” of the 1630s

8. The Great Migration Why did the Puritans leave England?
Religious freedom
Escape persecution from King Charles I
15,0000 journey to Mass.

9. “We shall be as a city on a hill..”
Who was their leader?
John Winthrop-
Wealthy attorney and manor lord
Devout Puritan
Became 1st governor of Massachusetts.
Believed that he had a “calling” from God to lead there.
Set an example by working hard to clear land & build a home
Served as governor or deputy-governor for 19 years.
“We shall be as a city on a hill..”

10. The Puritans Arrive

11. What was life like in the New England settlements?
Low mortality  average life expectancy was 70 years of age.
Average 6 children per family.
Average age at marriage:
Women – 22 years old
Men – 27 years old.

12. Who was the boss of the family?
Male father figures controlled each household.
Called a patriarchal society
Ministers and magistrates controlled church & household patriarchs.

13. 2. Connecticut Founder-Thomas Hooker- Puritan minister
Believed govt had too much power
Left Massachusetts Bay & started a new colony
1636

14. Government of Connecticut
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
All men with property could vote, even if not Church members
Limited governor’s power

15. Another Puritan “Rebel”
Roger Williams- young, popular minister in Salem.
Believed church & state (govt) should be separate
1635  found guilty of preaching new & dangerous opinions and was exiled.
Roger Williams

16. 3. Rhode Island 1636  Roger Williams founds Rhode Island.
Remarkable political freedom in Providence, RI
No special privileges for anyone
freedom of opportunity for all.
Fair to Native Americans
All white men can vote
No one has to go to Church.
RI becomes known as the “Sewer” -seen by the Puritans as a dumping ground for unbelievers
 More liberal than any other colony!

17. 3. Rhode Island

18. Another Puritan “Rebel”
Anne Hutchinson
Intelligent, strong-willed, well-spoken woman.
Devout Puritan
Discussed sermons
Believed holy life was no sure
sign of salvation.

19. Anne Hutchinson’s Trial
1638 – lasted 2 days
Finally stated she had received her beliefs DIRECTLY from God.
Puritan leaders banished her  she & her family traveled to RI and later to NY.
She and all but one member of her family were killed in an Indian attack in Westchester County.
John Winthrop saw God’s hand in this!

21. BANISHED

22. Puritans vs. Native Americans
Indians especially weak in New England  epidemics wiped out ¾ of the native popul..
Some colonists like Thomas Hooker & Roger Williams were fair but…….

23. The English keep coming & taking…
But….
The English keep coming & taking…
More settlers take more land
War begins- 1675
Metacom [King Philip to white settlers]- chief of Wampanoag Indians
Other tribes unite with them & 600 settlers are killed

24. King Philip’s War (1675-1676} The war ended in failure for the Indians
Metacom beheaded and drawn and quartered.
His son and wife sold into slavery.
Never a serious threat in New England again!!

25. Life in New England Colonies
Describe the Sabbath:
Holy Day
Nobody could talk, joke, drink
Everybody attended church

26. The Town Meeting Purpose: Vote or make decisions Took place at church
Made strict religious laws

27. Economy of New England Colonies
Shipbuilding (trees from forests)
Hunted in forest- wild turkey, deer
Fishing and whaling from ships

28. New England Spreads Out

29. New England Colonies, 1650

30. Population of the New England Colonies