1. Economic, Political & Social Changes
AFRICA
Economic, Political & Social Changes

2. How did slavery influence Africa?
Central Question
How did slavery influence Africa?

3. ECOMONIC CHANGES
Africa

4. Economy
Silver & sugar
Participated in world economy through slave trade
Slave trade traced back to 15th century, rose in 17th and 18th centuries
Grafted onto existing system of slave commerce
2 Africans for every 1 European  essential to prosperity of American colonies

5. Economy Merchants shipped slaves around Indian Ocean
More slaves sent to Americas once plantation agriculture began to spread
W. flow=12 million survived forcible enslavement/ shipment to Atlantic ports 1440s-1867
Merchant capitalists prospered slave trade rose

6. Economy
Commercial fortune depended on alliances with African trading & Political networks
African partners/ commercial networks left to capture slaves
High morality = losses of profits
Merchants-active role in supplying slaves for transatlantic shipment
Shift=Households that commanded large animal herds or land  urban merchants and warrior elites

8. SOCIAL CHANGES
Africa

9. Religion Asante (Ashanti) Benin Universal god – Onyame
Kingdom of the Dead – Samande
Ancestor Worship
Benin
Polytheistic
Power of witches
Mostly Christian
About ¼ Islam;
Vudun or “voodoo”

10. Language Misconception: there was no written language until recently
Asante
Decedents of Akan Tribes
Various forms of Twi; tone language
Benin
Learned written and spoken language from the Portuguese
Native Language Kwa

11. Dress&Customs Women Influence Ashanti Weaving (only men)
Different patterns
Matrilineal
Gold
Benin
Bronze art
Funerals = Important part of someone’s history
Drummers and dancers perform at funerals

12. POLITICAL CHANGES
Africa

13. Political Dutch armada of 21 ships
Captured Luanda, Benguela, and Sao Tome from Portuguese
1623, Portuguese signed a treaty with Ndongo

14. Political 1624, Nzinga became Queen of Ndongo
Conquered kingdom of Matamba in war with Portuguese
Made alliance with Dutch
Dutch sent her soldiers
Queen Nzinga

15. Political Portuguese gained strength back
Portuguese drove Dutch out of Luanda in 1648
Dutch no longer helped
Nzinga could fight Portuguese anymore
Signed treaty giving Portuguese access to Matamba’s markets
Video: Verbalizm: David J

16. Primary Source
Those sold by the Blacks are for the most part prisoners of war, taken either in fight, or pursuit, or in the incursions they make into their enemies territories; others stolen away by their own countrymen; and some there are, who will sell their own children, kindred, or neighbors. This has been often seen, and to compass it, they desire the person they intend to sell, to help them in carrying something to the factory by way of trade, and when there, the person so deluded, not understanding the language, is old and deliver'd up as a slave, notwithstanding all his resistance, and exclaiming against the treachery....
Written by John Barbot (an agent for the French Royal African Company) in 1678

17. Questions
Based on this passage what do you think about the family bonds in Africa?
Do you think anybody make alliances with the Dutch after they let Queen Nzinga down?
How do you think the shift of wealth to urban merchants and warrior elites effected the rest of society?

18. WORKS CITED
“Ancient Africa for Kids .” MrDonn. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct <
“Ancient Clothing .” History for Kids . N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct < >.
“Ashanti .” Ashanti . Jay INC , n.d. Web. 20 Oct <
“Benin Religion Benin Beliefs.” Over Landing Africa . N.p., Web. 20 Oct <
Blauer, Ettagale, V L Giddings, and Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler. “Clothing of African Cultures.” Fashion Encyclopedia. N.p., Web. 18 Oct < >.
“West Africa .” The Islamic World to The University of Calgary, Web. 18 Oct <
Zahid, Ishaq. “Five Pillars of Islam .” Islam 101. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct < >.
“Languages of Africa .” Wikipedia . N.p., 9 Oct Web. 18 Oct <
Matt. “Africa Religions .” Slide Share. N.p., Web. 14 Oct < >.
Scribner, Charles. “Christianity in Africa .” Novel Guide . N.p., Web. 18 Oct < and the Spread of Islam In Africa .” Met Museum . Department of Arts of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas , Oct Web. 18 Oct < >. 
West, April. “Ashanti Culture .” MNSU. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct <
Tignor, Robert, et al. Worlds Together Worlds Apart. New York City: W.W. Norton & Company, Print.
John Barbot, "A Description of the Coasts of North and South Guinea," in Thomas Astley and John Churchill, eds., Collection of Voyages and Travels (London, 1732).
Smitha, Frank Eugene. "Queen Nzinga." Marohistory and World Report. N.p., 17 Oct Web. 21 Oct <