1. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
Bruce Michael Cappo, Ph.D.
Clinical Associates, P.A.
St. Benedict’s Abbey
June 6th 2005
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

2. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Goals
Boundaries with Minors
Prevalence, Identification and Prevention of Child abuse
Self-protection from False Allegations of Sexual Abuse
Warning Signs Associated with Preferential and Situational Abuse of Minors
Discussion and Interaction - this should be an interactive presentation – discussion is learning
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

3. Praesidium Accreditation
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Praesidium Accreditation
Qualifies as part of the Praesidium Accreditation process
Independent team of specialists reviews to make sure organization has met or exceeded all standards
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

4. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Membership Requires
Participation in education regarding development of a mature and integrated celibate sexuality
Development of the ability to identify and address challenges to maintaining celibacy and healthy intimate relationships
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

5. Members must NOT continue if..
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Members must NOT continue if..
There is ANY abuse of a minor
There is an inability to maintain appropriate boundaries despite guidelines and instruction
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

6. Vows or Promises of Celibacy
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Vows or Promises of Celibacy
DO NOT CAUSE ABUSE OF MINORS
Celibacy is an achievable and reasonable promise
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

7. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
About Me
BA, MA & PhD from Univ. of Kansas
Interned at Univ. of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
7 Hospitals including world’s largest children’s hospital
Community Mental Health
Private Practice
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

8. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Experience
Clinical Associates, P.A.
19 Practitioners
Everything except child custody evals
Evaluation
Risk assessment
State of KS Sexual Predator Transition Program
Treatment
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

9. Boundaries with Minors
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Boundaries with Minors
Identify behaviors and interactions that are prohibited under all circumstances
Identify positive forms of affection and demonstration of ministerial care for minors that are appropriate under most circumstances
Familial relationships may be different
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

10. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Prohibited Behaviors
Standards of Conduct for Ministry with Minors
Code of Ethical Standards for Monastery Persons
The following are directly from relevant sections of these documents for discussion
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

11. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
1. Prohibited Behaviors
a. Using, possessing, or being under the influence of illegal drugs while in the presence of minors.
b. Using, possessing, or being under the influence of while supervising minors.
c. Providing or allowing minors to consume alcohol or illegal drugs.
d. Swearing in the presence of minors.  
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

12. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
1. Prohibited Behaviors
e. Speaking to minors in a way that is or could be construed by any observer as harsh, threatening, intimidating, shaming, derogatory, demeaning, or humiliating.
f. Discussing sexual activities with minors unless it is a specific job requirement and the monk is trained to discuss these matters
g. Engaging in any sexually oriented conversations with minors unless the conversations are part of a legitimate lesson and discussion for teenagers regarding human sexuality issues. On such occasions, the lessons will convey to youth the Church¹s teachings on these topics. If youth have further questions not answered or addressed by their individual teachers they should be referred to their parents or guardians for clarification or counseling.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

13. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
1. Prohibited Behaviors
h. Being nude in the presence of minors.
i. Possessing sexually oriented or morally inappropriate printed materials (magazines, cards, videos, films, clothing, etc.).
j. Sleeping in the same beds, sleeping bags or small tents with minors.
k. Engaging in sexual contact with minors.  For the purposes of this policy, sexual contact is defined as vaginal intercourse, anal intercourse, oral intercourse or the touching of an erogenous zone of another (including but not limited to the thighs, genitals, buttocks, pubic region or chest) for the purpose of sexually arousing or gratifying either person.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

14. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
2. Off-site events
a. Monks are prohibited from transporting minors without written permission of their parent or guardian.
b. Monks are prohibited from unnecessary and/or inappropriate physical contact with minors while in vehicles.
c. Minors should be transported directly to their destination.  No unplanned stops should be made.
d. Monks are prohibited from having minors stay at their residence.  Requests for exceptions should be submitted to the abbot in writing two weeks prior to the visit.
e. Changing and showering facilities or arrangements for monks must be separate from facilities or arrangements for minors.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

15. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
3. Physical contact
a. Monks are prohibited from using physical discipline in any way for behavior management of minors.  No form of physical discipline is acceptable.  This prohibition includes spanking, slapping, pinching, hitting, or any other physical force as retaliation or correction for inappropriate behaviors by minors.
b. Appropriate affection between Members and minors constitutes a positive part of Church life and ministry.  The following forms of affection are regarded as appropriate examples for monks in ministry roles with minors:
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

16. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Appropriate Examples
Hugs.
Pats on the shoulder or back.
Hand-shakes.
“High-fives” and hand slapping.
Verbal praise.
Touching hands, faces, shoulders and arms of minors.
Arms around shoulders.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

17. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Appropriate Examples
Holding hands while walking with small children.
Sitting beside small children.
Kneeling or bending down for hugs with small children.
Holding hands during prayer.
Pats on the head when culturally appropriate.  (For example, this gesture should typically be avoided in some Asian communities).
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

18. Inappropriate Examples
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Inappropriate Examples
c. Some forms of physical affection have been used by adults to initiate inappropriate contact with minors.  
Inappropriate or lengthy embraces.
Kissing on the mouth.
Holding minors over four years old on the lap.
Touching buttocks, chests or genital areas.
Showing affection in isolated areas such as bedrooms, closets, staff-only areas or other private rooms.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

19. Inappropriate Examples
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Inappropriate Examples
Being in bed with a minor.
Touching knees or legs of minors.
Wrestling with minors.
Tickling minors.
Piggyback rides
Any type of massage given by minor to adult.
Any type of massage given by adult to minor.
Any form of unwanted affection.
Compliments that relate to physique or body development.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

20. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
4. CONDUCT WITH MINORS
Monastery Persons working with minors should use appropriate judgment marked by personal and professional integrity to ensure safe and trusting relationships, avoiding any and all appearances of impropriety
4.1.    Monastery Persons must be aware of their own vulnerability and that of any individual minor with whom they may be working.  In every instance possible a team approach to ministry with youth should be considered.  
4.2.    In group settings an appropriate ratio of adults to young people should be maintained.
4.3.    Monastery Persons should exercise prudent caution when meeting with minors, especially in a one-on-one encounter.  Secluded meeting places must be avoided.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

21. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
4. CONDUCT WITH MINORS
4.4.    Any physical contact with minors may be misconstrued by both minors and other adults and should only occur under appropriate public circumstances. Monastery Persons are responsible for maintaining sexual boundaries in a pastoral relationship with minors. Monastery Persons should know and understand the diocesan and abbey policies and procedures concerning allegations of sexual misconduct involving minors and the developmentally disabled.
4.5.    Monastery Persons do not supply or condone the use of alcohol, tobacco and/or any other illegal drugs by minors.  Further, Monastery Persons are to refrain from the use of alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs while working with minors.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

22. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
4. CONDUCT WITH MINORS
4.6.    Monastery Persons do not provide any sexually explicit, inappropriate, or offensive material to minors, nor do they discuss their own sexual experiences or use sexually explicit or vulgar language.
4.7.    Providing overnight accommodations in rectories or other personal residences for parish minors, or other minors with whom the Monastery Person may have other than a close familial relationship, is prohibited.
4.8.    Monastery Persons should not go on vacations or overnights alone with minors. It is not appropriate for an adult to share a bed with a minor.  Sharing a bedroom, other than a dormitory style room, with a minor(s) is not permitted.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

23. What those behaviors have in common
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
What those behaviors have in common
Obvious & explicit crossing of boundaries
Justified crossing of boundaries
Rationalized crossing of boundaries
A relaxing of boundaries
Pushing the limits of boundaries
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

24. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
If he did this…then….
How would such actions be viewed in retrospect?
Is this part of a pattern?
Does this constitute grooming?
Is this someone who disregards rules, polices procedures when convenient?
What else has happened that we don’t yet know about?
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

25. Takes into consideration the individual characteristics of the minor
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Takes into consideration the individual characteristics of the minor
Certain persons are more vulnerable than others
Personality characteristics of minor
Possible psychological difficulties
Minor may have a history of abuse or neglect
Misinterpretation of actions & intent by minor
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

26. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
A YoYo can achieve speeds up to 11,000 rpm
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

27. Prevalence, Identification and Prevention of Child abuse
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Prevalence, Identification and Prevention of Child abuse
Participation in a minimum of 3 hours of education on child sexual abuse every 3 years
Updated information made available on an annual basis
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

28. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Definitions
A heterosexual possesses a primary sexual desire toward persons of the opposite gender
A homosexual possesses a primary sexual desire toward persons of the same gender
A bisexual possesses a primary sexual desire toward persons of both genders
A pedophile possesses a primary sexual desire toward children
A ephebophile possesses a primary sexual desire toward adolescents (usually male)
A hebephile possesses a primary sexual desire toward pubescent boys ages 12-14
An ephebephile possesses a primary sexual desire toward post-pubescent boys ages 14-17
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

29. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
The Problem
1 in 8 males will be sexually abused
1 in 4 females will be sexually abused
NOT limited to the Catholic Church
2% - 6% of priests have had a sexual experience with a minor
60,000 active and inactive priests and brothers in the U.S.
1000 to 3000 have engaged sexually with minors
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

30. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
The Problem (cont)
2% - 6% consistent with male clergy from other religious traditions
Estimates range upwards of 8% for general male adult population
Thus, less likely a clergy than others but any abuse is too much, especially to those we trust with our children
Nearly all clergy do not abuse children
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

31. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
The Problem
Only 1% of children are abused by strangers
This is where the focus was for years in terms of training our children to be wary of strangers
No one said to be wary of friends, family, or trusted adults – but that is who abuses
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

32. Specifics of those who offend
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Specifics of those who offend
80% - 90% of clergy engage adolescent boys not prepubescent children
Teenage males more at risk than children of any other age and than females
Technically, ephebophiles rather than pedophiles (continuing controversy in the field about these terms and so not used as much as you would think)
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

33. Specifics of those who offend
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Specifics of those who offend
Vast majority offend about a year after ordination – not before
Must look at risk factors during screening rather than past history of behaviors
Screening out only those who have offended in the past is a tiny amount
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

34. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Risk Factors
History of childhood sexual abuse
Social isolation
Poor social skills
Impulse control problems
Psychiatric co-morbidity
Substance abuse
Mood disorders
Personality disorders
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

35. Marriage does not solve the problem
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Marriage does not solve the problem
Other religious traditions where priests do marry have same problem
Non religious have same problem
Simply not having access to a sexual partner whether married or not does not turn one toward children as a focus of that sexuality
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

36. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Homosexuality
Sexual orientation does not predict sexual abuse of children
Homosexual men are not more likely to engage in illegal sexual behavior with children than heterosexual men
Joaquin Navarro-Valls (official spokesman for the Vatican) – identified pedophilia with homosexuality and suggested the priesthood become less welcoming to homosexuals – fueled confusion and misinformation
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

37. Why the focus on Catholics?
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Why the focus on Catholics?
Defensive when issue arises
“Circle the wagons” approach early on
Victims not treated with compassion
Checks and balances of other organization not in place in the Catholic Church
Board of Directors, outside members, performance evaluations do not exist
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

38. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Catholic Hierarchy
Catholic priests, brothers answer to one religious superior
If he does not manage the situation well then problems persist, proliferate
Offenders were tolerated, moved, etc thus potentially creating more victims per offender than other religious
A single individual can have more power (Boston) and greater influence
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

39. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
The Past in our Present
Most cases reported are decades old
Average age of offender is 53
Our knowledge of sexual abuse and the damage associated with it has increased
Not much research before the 1980s
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

40. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Prevalence in the Past
30 years ago it is estimated that 23% of male psychotherapists were sexually involved with clients
Through education, changes in law and ethics requirements this has now changed dramatically
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

41. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Then …
30 years ago there were no psychological evaluations for men entering the religious life
Entered from high school
No training in sexuality, boundaries, impulse control, etc
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

42. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
… And Now
Older – often late 20s or even 30s
Often had appropriate and satisfying intimate relationships before seminary
Psychological evaluation for risk factors
Training in sexuality and impulse control
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

43. Ongoing Discussion / Actions
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Ongoing Discussion / Actions
Emphasis on discussing such issues and dealing with them as they occur
Do not wait for things to reach a crisis
Police analogy – “fitness for duty”
This is an illness
People deserve treatment
People deserve compassion
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

44. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
What to do
Anyone accused is immediately put on administrative leave
Legal authorities notified
Evaluation by a trained professional
Treatment as appropriate
Support
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

45. Don’t forget the victims
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Don’t forget the victims
Legal issues
Treatment
Compassion
No blaming
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

46. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
When you watch a baseball game on TV you actually hear the crack of the bat sooner than the fans at the game because of the placement of the microphone and the speed of sound versus the speed of the electrical transmissions used for broadcasting the signal
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

47. Self-protection from False Allegations of Sexual Abuse
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Self-protection from False Allegations of Sexual Abuse
Understand the potential of high risk situations
Discuss with leadership situations of concern regarding the possibility of false allegations
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

48. Top 3 things to know about False Allegations
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Top 3 things to know about False Allegations
Very Rare
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

49. That’s not very comforting ….
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
That’s not very comforting ….
Thus, ALL allegations taken seriously
Person is realistically in a position of proving innocence rather than prosecutor proving guilt
“Guilty until proven innocent”
Even the allegation alone does extensive damage
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

50. But…False allegations do happen
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
But…False allegations do happen
Child custody issues
“Therapists gone wild”
McMartin daycare
“Prosecutors/Social Services gone Wild”
Washington state – 60 people – no convictions
Repressed Memories
NO research support
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

51. Circle the wagons - WRONG
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Circle the wagons - WRONG
Blame the victims
Deny, Deny, Deny
Only makes people angry
Results in increased suspicion and mistrust
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

52. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Take positive action
Tylenol example of handing business crises – still taught in business schools
Quick response
No secrecy
Involve authorities
Builds trust
Facilitates forgiveness
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

53. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
High Risk situations
Seemingly Unimportant Decisions (SUDs)
Vulnerable individuals
Persons with psychological disorders
Borderline personality disorder
Histrionic personality disorder
Perception IS Reality
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

54. Hey, Didn’t you just say….
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Hey, Didn’t you just say….
Don’t blame the victim
YES
This is not blame
This is not walking in the bad part of town, alone, after dark, waving dollar bills in the air and whistling “I’m in the money”
It is avoiding high risk situations
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

55. Personality Disorders
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Personality Disorders
Only diagnosable at age 18 or more
Developing characteristics clearly present in teenage years
These two are more likely found in females than males but can be diagnosed in either gender
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

56. Borderline Personality Disorder
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Borderline Personality Disorder
Intense bouts of anger, depression, and anxiety that may last only hours, or at most a day
Episodes of impulsive aggression, self-injury, and drug or alcohol abuse
Distortions in cognition and sense of self
Frequent changes in long-term goals, career plans, jobs, friendships, gender identity, and values
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

57. Borderline Personality Disorder
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Borderline Personality Disorder
Sometimes view themselves as fundamentally bad, unworthy
They feel unfairly misunderstood or mistreated, bored, empty, and have little idea who they are
Such symptoms are most acute when people feel isolated and lacking in social support
This may result in frantic efforts to avoid being alone
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

58. Borderline Personality Disorder
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Borderline Personality Disorder
Highly unstable patterns of social relationships
Intense but stormy attachments
Attitudes towards family, friends, and loved ones may suddenly shift from idealization (great admiration and love) to devaluation (intense anger and dislike)
They may form an immediate attachment and idealize the other person, but when a slight separation or conflict occurs, they switch unexpectedly to the other extreme and angrily accuse the other person of not caring for them at all. Even with family members
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

59. Borderline Personality Disorder
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Borderline Personality Disorder
Highly sensitive to rejection, reacting with anger and distress to such mild separations as a vacation, a business trip, or a sudden change in plans. These fears of abandonment seem to be related to difficulties feeling emotionally connected to important persons when they are physically absent, leaving the individual feeling lost perhaps worthless. Suicide threats and attempts may occur along with anger at perceived abandonment and disappointments.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

60. Borderline Personality Disorder
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Borderline Personality Disorder
The may exhibit other impulsive behaviors, such as excessive spending, binge eating and risky sex
Often occurs together with other psychiatric problems, particularly bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and other personality disorders.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

61. Histrionic Personality Disorder
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Histrionic Personality Disorder
A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts
Is uncomfortable in situations in which he or she is not the center of attention
Interaction with others is often characterized by inappropriate sexually seductive or provocative behavior
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

62. Histrionic Personality Disorder
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Displays rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions
Consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to self
Has a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

63. Histrionic Personality Disorder
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Shows self-dramatization, theatricality, and exaggerated expression of emotion
Is suggestible, i.e., easily influenced by others or circumstances
Considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

64. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Vulnerable Persons
Lack of adult supervision
Chaotic & dysfunctional home life
May not know or understand proper boundaries from their upbringing
May have learned to confuse sex and love
May be past victim with unresolved / untreated issues
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

65. The Teen Brain – It really IS Different
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
The Teen Brain – It really IS Different
Teens don’t think like adults because they can’t yet
Greatest brain growth occurs by 18 months
Brain growth complete by age 3
Nope – brain not developed fully even at 18
Prefrontal Cortex develops till age 25
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

66. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Maturing ages 5 through 20 years
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

67. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

68. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
What to do
Identify what is going on
Discuss
Take action – refer for treatment
Don’t get in past your level of expertise
Take total responsibility for setting all boundaries independent of the actions of others – acknowledge power difference
People may not make best choices at specific times of crisis in their lives
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

69. Avoiding the Perception of Impropriety
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Avoiding the Perception of Impropriety
Found in many codes of ethics
Just because you aren’t doing anything wrong doesn’t mean you are doing things right
As a psychologist I tell people I don’t care about reality, I deal in the perception of reality
Geraldo Rivera - It doesn’t matter what’s in the vault –we can still base a TV show on what people think might be in the vault
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

70. Things are often true but irrelevant
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Things are often true but irrelevant
60 Minutes test - KC STAR test
If what you are about to do ended up on the news would that be OK?
Do not always live your life by what might happen – but neglecting to consider the possible implications of your actions is dangerous
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

71. But I didn’t do anything wrong !
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
But I didn’t do anything wrong !
Psychologist specialized in working with victims of sexual trauma
His relative dies and leaves him part interest in a legal and legitimate strip club business
He does not divest himself of the holding and word eventually gets out that he is part owner
A complaint is made to the licensing board
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

72. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
True Story
Board decides that he cannot BOTH treat victims of trauma and own the club
They restrict his license and tell him to divest himself of the club
They acknowledge that he is doing nothing illegal
They focus on the public perception and potential damage to the individuals he has/would treat and the profession
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

73. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Mr. Mooney & Lucy
He has a dream about a horse winning
Sends Lucy to the track for him
Cannot go himself because he is acutely aware of what people might think if they see their banker at the track
Why this story – because it emphasizes that such thinking is part of our culture and has been for decades
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

74. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
A 'jiffy' is an actual unit of time for 1/100th of a second
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

75. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Warning Signs Associated with Preferential and Situational Abuse of Minors
Discussion of preferential and situational offenders
Description of frequently occurring warning signs associated with abuse
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

76. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
About the offender
“I love children”
“I could never harm a child”
No set demographics or descriptions
Expert at gaining trust
Expert at manipulation
Create a persona of goodness beyond reproach – those that question their sincerity or motives are the bad ones
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

77. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
About the offender
Power differential
Rarely use direct force - but can happen
Manipulation
Testing limits – each touch only slightly more than before – pushes boundaries
Plant seeds of ideas that grow
I’ll tell them for you – they will believe me
Implies child may not be believed
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

78. About the offender – no set pattern
Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
About the offender – no set pattern
Educationally
Vocationally
Socio-economically
Religiously
Other variant sexual behaviors
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

79. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
What to notice
Games
Wrestling
Tickling
Taking a “sex survey”
Courting – grooming behaviors
Buying gifts
Special treatment
Trips, movies, treats, etc
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

80. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
What to notice
Gives special meaning to children because of their lack of power and dominance
Children fulfill a particular need
Tendency to gravitate to specific physical characteristics – preferential attraction
Always blond hair or blue eyes
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

81. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
What to notice
Lack of authentic, appropriate and intimate relationships in his life
Use of alcohol or other inhibition lowering substances around minors
Invitations to lake houses, special retreats, etc with limited supervision
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

82. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Life challenges
Situational factors
Alcoholism
Unavailability of other relationships
Financial hardships
Relocation – loss of support factors
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

83. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Grooming
Relationships resemble “courting”
Rarely violent or aggressive in a direct fashion
More of an adult “love affair” quality
“Gentle and rational” in their approach
These persons may think through their actions over long periods of time
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

84. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Facts vs Myths
If there are feelings of attraction towards minors then they will act on it
Just because there is an attraction to minors does not mean he always acts on it
If there is no access to adult females then he will switch to males or minors (if there’s no cake then he’ll eat pie)
While there is some evidence of cross-offending, it is not widely believed that this occurs in the majority of cases (not all men in prison become homosexual)
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

85. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Facts vs Myths
People who fixate in their maturity level as adolescents are always attracted to teens
Evidence does not support this.
Idea of fixated vs regressed offender is not considered consistent with current research
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

86. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Facts vs Myths
There is a test to see if someone is a sex offender
There is no test that will say this for sure
We rate risk based on historical and psychological factors known to be statistically associated with those who do or do not offend
PPG measures arousal but not whether someone will offend
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

87. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
Colgate claims "Tooth Fairy" as a registered trademark.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

88. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Acknowledgements
Thomas Plante, Ph.D. ABPP
Santa Clara University
Stanford University School of Medicine
Praesidium Religious Services
Christian Brothers Risk Management Services
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

89. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
The first toy product ever advertised on television was Mr. Potato Head®. Introduced in 1952.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

90. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Time for Your Questions
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

91. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
Hershey's Kisses are called that because the machine that makes them looks like it's kissing the conveyor belt
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

92. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
The first product to have a UPC bar code on its packaging was Wrigley's gum.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

93. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
On average women say 7,000 words per day. Men manage just over 2,000.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

94. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
A hedgehog's heart beats 190 times a minute on average and drops to only 20 beats per minute during hibernation
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

95. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
The metal instrument used in shoe stores to measure feet is called the Brannock device.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

96. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
Nearly 50% of all bank robberies take place on Friday.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

97. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
Average length of a coat hanger when straightened: ??
44 inches.
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

98. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
An ear of corn averages 800 kernels in 16 rows
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A

99. Increasing Knowledge and Awareness of Child Sexual Abuse Issues
June 6th 2005
Trivia Snapshot
It is actually the tomato sauce that burns your mouth when pizza is too hot - NOT the cheese
Dr. Bruce Michael Cappo -- Clinical Associates, P.A