1. Question of the Day
GOAL SETTING:
Unit 4 Test grade = ____%
I feel I was successful or unsuccessful
3. I prepared by…
4. Next time I will prepare by…
5. Goal for next time = ____
If you met your goal + got an A: You may maintain or improve.
If you met your goal but did not get an A: You must improve at least 1 percentage points.
If you did not meet your goal it stays the same.
2-22

2. Question of the Day
2-23
2 things you know about DNA = ??? (can be anything you’ve learned before – write something down!!!)

3. Objectives Describe shape / function of a chromosome
Describe differences between autosome & sex chromosomes.

4. Chromosome Structure Chromosomes Histones -
rod-shaped structures made of DNA and protein – formed during cell division
Histones -
Proteins that DNA wrap around
aids in the compact structure of the chromosome

5. Chromosome Structure

7. Parts of a chromosome Eukaryotic cells:
Chapter 8
Eukaryotic cells:
Chromatids – ½ of the chromosome – identical to other half – replicated in the “S phase” for replication
Centromere – where sister chromatids are joined.
Genes – bands found on the chromosome

8. Chromatin – uncoiled DNA found in nucleus – Seen when cell isn’t dividing

9. Contain only 1 circular chromosome
Chapter 8
Prokaryotic cells:
Contain only 1 circular chromosome

10. Comparing Cell Division in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Chapter 8
Comparing Cell Division in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Prokaryotic cells reproduce faster than eukaryotic cells – Less sophisticated, takes less time

11. Chromosome Numbers
Different species have a characteristic number of chromosomes in each cell.
More chromosomes do not always equal more sophisticated

12. Previewing Assignment
2-22
In owl book – get questions from me and read pages (Cell Reproduction – section # 1)

13. Question of the Day
2-24
What is the relationship between DNA and chromosomes?

14. Review
2-24
What am I?
What am I?
What am I?
What am I?

15. Objectives Describe shape / function of a chromosome
Describe differences between autosome & sex chromosomes.

16. Chromosome Type Autosomes Non-sex chromosomes 22 pairs Sex Chromosomes
determine the sex of an organism
In humans:
X and Y
XX = female
XY = male

17. Homologous chromosomes
Chromosomes that carry the same genes (not necessarily the same code)
One from dad other from mom
Karyotype
Picture of chromosomes in a normal dividing cell

18. Karyotype Used primarily to study chromosome problems
Stop cell in metaphase and stain the chromosomes
Match use length and bands (bands can represent 100’s of genes)

19. Karyotype Identifying a Chromosome: Length Placement of centromere
Banding patter

20. Diploid and Haploid Cells
Diploid - Cells having two sets of chromosomes – 2n - which means 2 x number of chromosomes
All human cells except sex cells
Haploid Cells – Cells which have only one set of chromosomes (1n)
Sperm and egg cells
ASSIGNMENT

21. Review Describe the structure of a chromosome.
Identify the differences in structure between prokaryotic chromosomes and eukaryotic chromosomes.
Compare the numbers of chromosomes in different species.
Explain the differences between sex chromosomes and autosomes.
Distinguish between diploid and haploid cells.