1. Otherwise known as: Manure Happens
Agronomy 101
Otherwise known as:
Manure Happens

2. Topics Manure Characteristics Nutrient content N-P-K
Factors affecting nutrient content of manure
Differences amongst animal species
Sampling requirements and methods
Application equipment

3. Topics
Record and manure management
Nutrient Budgets
Worksheets

4. 7020.0300 Definitions Subp. 4. Animal manure or manure.
“Animal manure” or “manure” means poultry, livestock, or other animal excrete or mixture of excrete with feed, bedding, precipitation, or other materials.

5. 7020.0300 Definitions Subp. 13b. Manure – contaminated runoff
“Manure-contaminated runoff” means a liquid that has come into contact with animal manure and drains over land from any animal feedlot, manure storage area, or animal land application site.

6. 7020 and NPDES Definitions Solid Manure
Manure Stockpiling Sites
Subp. 1, item B.
Manure must not be placed on a stockpiling site unless a three-to- one horizontal-to-vertical ratio can be maintained or the manure has at least, a 15 percent solids content

7. 7020 and NPDES Definitions NPDES Permit language
Solid Manure (15 percent or more solids, and handled as a solid) Winter Application
Liquid Manure is considered to be any Manure that does not meet the definition of “solid Manure” provided in item 3.

8. Manure Sampling Requirements
NPDES = annually
Storage area for 100 au or more = once every 4 years
300 au or more farms = for 3 consecutive years than once every 4 years
LAND APPLICATION OF MANURE.
Subp. 2.Manure nutrient testing requirements.

9. Manure Sampling Recommendations
Composite samples
How is the manure handled/managed
Housing – bedding – equipment
Liquid or solid manure
Storage system agitated
Custom hauler
Best time to sample – when applying manure
Recommend annual sampling
Recommend running averages

10. Reference Materials Beer and Baking U of M and Dept of Ag
Nutrient & Manure Management Tables and
Nutrient Management Tables
Excellent reference materials

11. Nitrogen Availability and Loss, as Affected by Method of Manure Application and Animal Species
Year Available
% of Total Nitrogen Available Per Year
Broadcast Incorporation Timing
Injection
After 96 hrs.
12 to 96 hrs.
Within 12 hrs.
Sweep
Knife
Beef
Year 1 25 45 60 50
Year 2
Lost 40 20 5 10
Dairy 55
Swine 35 75 80 70 15 30
Poultry

12. Liquid Manure Application Equipment

13. Double disks manure applicator

14. Double disks manure applicator

15. Sweep injection manure applicator

16. Sweep injection manure applicator

17. Knife injection manure applicator

18. Broadcast solid manure applicators
Typically used with solid manure and semi-solid manures
End gate spreaders are used with dry manure and bedded pack manure
Side-slingers used with semi-solids or slurry manures

19. End gate spreader

20. Side-slinger spreader

21. or Toyota Cowrolla

22. Nutrient Budgets
Method to calculate amount of manure and or fertilizer to apply to planned crop
Calculations use MN-extension formulas
Variables include:
Crop rotation and yield goals
Manure analysis and method of application
Fertilizer use
Beer & Baking or Balancing your Checkbook

23. Nutrient Budgets crop needs
Crop rotation = nutrient recommendation

24. Nutrient Budgets availability
Type of animal and method of application = nutrient availability

25. Nutrient Budgets what’s in your account
Calculate any 2nd year manure credit
Based on previous years total manure nitrogen applied

26. Nutrient Budgets Example
Corn following corn = 180 pounds of nitrogen
Finishing swine manure analysis for N-P-K:
pounds/1000 gallons
Method of manure application:
Broadcast immediate incorporation with disks:
Nitrogen availability =75%
Starter fertilizer credit: 5 – 10 – 0 pound N-P-K

27. How many #s of N are available?
43.5#
35.6#
58.4#
40.3#
#1 – (44# N Available (58# x .75= 43.5#))

28. Nutrient Budgets Example

29. How many gallons of manure can be applied per acre?
4150 gallons / acre
3500 gallons / acre
4000 gallons / acre
6050 gallons / acre
#3 – (4000 gal / acre)

30. Nutrient Budgets Example

31. Nutrient Budgets Example
180 – 5# N in starter = 175 # nitrogen
58# N in manure x 75% (available N) = 43.5
175 ÷ 43.5 = 4.022
4.022 x 1000 = 4000 gallons/acre

32. 2nd Budget Example Work thru the following example:
Crop rotation: corn following soybeans
Finishing swine manure: 58 – 44 – 40 per 1000/gals of N-P-K
Method of application: Sweep injection
4,000 gallons of hog manure applied 2 years ago
5 gallons 28% in herbicide = 15# nitrogen

33. Manure Nutrients Short Form

34. How many gallons of manure can be applied per acre?
3000 gallons / acre
1700 gallons / acre
2000 gallons / acre
3500 gallons / acre
#2 – (1700 gal/acre)

35. Final Answer Corn on Beans 180# N needed – 40#N from beans = 140#N
140# N – last years manure 35# N = 105#N
(4000 gallon x 15% = 35#N)
105# N – Fertilizer application 15# = 80#N
80#N / 46.4# N per 1000 gallon
(58# N/ 1000 gallon x 80%)
= 1700 gallons per acre

36. 3rd Budget Example Work thru the following example:
Crop rotation: corn following corn following average alfalfa
Dairy manure: 10 – (N-P-K pounds/ton)
Method of application: Broadcast incorporated within 2 days at 25 tons/acre
Manure applied 2 years ago at 25 tons/acre use same analysis (10-3-6)

37. How many ton can be applied per acre?
32.5 ton per acre
17 ton per acre
19 ton per acre
21.5 ton per acre
#2 – (17 ton per acre)

38. Final Answer Corn on corn with alfalfa 2 years ago – 130#N
(180# - 50#N from alfalfa 2 years ago)
130#N – last years manure 62#N = 68#N
(25 ton x 10#N/ton x 15% = 62#N)
68#N needed / 4#N ton manure = 17 ton

39. Not a good day to visit the farm

40. Phosphorous High phosphorous soils - added requirements
Sensitive areas
> 22 Bray
> 17 Olsen
Over 300’ from sensitive areas
> 75 Bray
> 60 Olsen
Interim permit required some cases

42. Resource

43. Crop Needs

44. Crop Removal

45. Example 1 Soil sample – 72 ppm Bray 450 AU Cattle site
Intermittent Stream
Average yield 210 bu corn/acre
Manure test –

46. Phosphorous Concerns? Over 300’ from sensitive area
No issue with phosphorus
Nitrogen limits
Within 300” from sensitive area
Prevent phosphorus buildup
Utilize crop removal figures

47. Example 2 Soil sample – 82 ppm Bray 450 AU Cattle site
Intermittent Stream
Average yield 210 bu corn/acre

48. How many ton can be applied per acre?
Determined by Nitrogen limits
6.2 ton per acre
5.1 ton per acre
5.7 ton per acre
3 or 4 depending on removal rates

49. Questions?