1. Island Man by Grace Nichols

2. Lesson Objective: To understand the use of structure, language and imagery in Island Man
Lesson outcome: A fully annotated poem

3. What are the similarities and differences. List them in your books
What are the similarities and differences? List them in your books. Aim for 5.

4. What is the “surface meaning”, the STORY, of the poem?
Reading the poem
What is the “surface meaning”, the STORY, of the poem?

5. SURFACE MEANING
A man who used to live on a Caribbean island still dreams of this place although he now lives in London. As he wakes up his dream of the Caribbean is replaced by the reality of London.

6. Group work
1. Structure – sentence length, position on the page. Why has the poet done this?
2. Word choices – anything look out of place? Why has she done this?
3. Imagery – what language techniques are used (metaphor, simile, personification). What is the effect?

7. Theme….. Your thoughts?
Grace Nichols was born in Georgetown, Guyana, in 1950 and grew up in a small country village on the Guyanese coast. She moved to the city with her family when she was eight, an experience central to her first novel, Whole of a Morning Sky (1986), set in 1960s Guyana in the middle of the country's struggle for independence. She worked as a teacher and journalist and, as part of a Diploma in Communications at the University of Guyana, spent time in some of the most remote areas of Guyana, a period that influenced her writings and initiated a strong interest in Guyanese folk tales, Amerindian myths and the South American civilisations of the Aztec and Inca. She has lived in the UK since 1977.
She said: ‘I feel at home now both in Guyana and in England. When I’m in Guyana…I feel like I belong there because I spring from that landscape. But partly because I have children in England, I also feel at home in this culture, with their dreams and aspirations. So I embrace both. England is where I live, where I make my living, but when I’m in England I’m always looking back. Both as a writer and as an individual, I’m always looking at both worlds.’

8. Answer these questions in your books.
How do Grace Nichols’ own experiences tie in with what happens in the poem?
What do you think the tone of the poem ( mood) and message of the poem is?

9. Is the poem a:
A criticism of life in London
A criticism of the 3rd world poverty that forced people to become economic migrants?
A criticism of those migrants who hold an idealised view of their homeland……………something else?

10. In the exams you will need to compare poems……
Identify 5 similarities and differences between Island Man and Blessing.
Consider: Poet’s background, use of structure, use of similes/metaphor e.g comparison of their subject matter to something valuable?

11. PEE Practise:
1. How is the sun described and why do you think Grace Nichols has chosen to do this?
2. The first line is a single word. What is it and why has the poet chosen to use this?
3. It is an effort for the island man to come back to reality. How is that effort conveyed?
4. Look carefully at the last line. What do you notice about it structurally? Why does it have capital letters? Why has the poet chosen to do this?

12. Homework: Due Wednesday
Identify 5 similarities and differences between Island Man and Blessing.
Consider: Poet’s background, use of structure, use of similes/metaphor e.g comparison of their subject matter to something valuable?

13. Performance poetry
Using what you know of the poem and the poet’s background, create a performance of the poem.
What makes a good group performance?
I will assess this task for speaking and listening – both how you perform in the group, and during you performance.

15. What are the links and similarities between the two poems?
How do the poems “Nothing’s Changed” and “Two Scavengers” deal with inequality?
What are the links and similarities between the two poems?

16. A spider diagram
In circles round the page write the names of all the poems we have studied.
Keep them spread out, you will need to write in the spaces between

17. Using the cultural ideas listed below, what links can you find?
Identity
Political belief/comment ( injustice/inequality)
Sense of place
Human attitudes/relationships
Cultural differences

18. Using the cultural ideas listed below, what links can you find?
Identity – Limbo, Island Man,
Political belief/comment ( injustice/inequality)
Sense of place
Human attitudes/relationships
Cultural differences

19. With your partner, brainstorm some ideas to include in one of these essays
How do the poets use particular details to bring out their ideas in Vultures and one other poem?
Compare the ways in which the poets present ideas about rich and poor people in “Two Scavengers in a Truck..” and one other poem

20. Island Man
(for a Caribbean island man in London who still wakes up to the sound of the sea)
Morning
And island man wakes up
To the sound of blue surf
In his head
The steady breaking and wombing
wild seabirds
and fisherman pushing out to sea
the sun surfacing defiantly
from the east
of his small emerald island
he always comes back groggily groggily
Clear link with other traditions
This word has many associations, but the predominant image is one of comfort and security
Alliteration with the letter 's'
Note the vibrant colours
personification
Free verse and lack of punctuation suggest a dream like quality
Repetition, as if he cannot believe it, or is reluctant to acknowledge
Written in 3rd person

21. Link with dream
Colour contrast, not vibrant but drab
Unusual word choice
Change of perspective here
Comes back to sands
of a grey metallic soar
to surge of wheels
to dull North Circular road muffling muffling
his crumpled pillow waves
island man heaves himself
Another London day
Grace Nichols
a busy road around London
Repetition, as if he cannot believe it, or is reluctant to acknowledge
Suggest comparison of a man heaving himself on to an island
Pun
Stark last line, physically isolated, with no preposition or verb
Capital letters suggest formality

22. Language
Metaphor
sands / of a grey metallic soar (London as an unpleasant beach)
Personification
• the sun surfacing defiantly
• to dull North Circular roar
Alliteration
• sun surfacing
• Stanza 3 = Sands, soar, surge (like the sounds of the sea)
Repetition
• groggily groggily
• muffling muffling

23. Themes Is the poem a: A criticism of life in London
A criticism of the 3rd world poverty that forced people to become economic migrants?
A criticism of those migrants who hold an idealised view of their homeland

24. Interpretation (the theme of the poem)
What comment is Nichols making about the importance of culture and cultural background?

25. Language (how the poem is told eg
Language (how the poem is told eg. register, tense, poetic voice, 1st or 3rd person)
The poem is told in the third person but is clearly about a very personal experience. Why is this?

26. Imagery (the pictures created in the reader’s mind eg
Imagery (the pictures created in the reader’s mind eg. simile, metaphor, personification, symbols)
How has Nichols used colour in her poem?