1. PSoCR Secure Digital (SD) Card Module Solution

2. Agenda SD Card Basics SD Card Lab Types of Media Applications
Communication
File System
SD Card Lab
Project 1: Run a short demo that prints the string “Hello World” to the SD Card
Additional Example Projects

3. SD Card Basics

4. What is an SD Card?
High-capacity, inexpensive, portable flash (non-volatile) memory
Capacity: 32MB to 2GB
Size: 11mm x 15mm x 1mm
Designed for fast and easy transfer of data between devices
Security for copyright protection on SD Cards

5. PSoC + SD: Supported Media
32mmx24mmx2.1mm
2GB - $100 / 256MB - $20
miniSD
Great for small electronics
256MB - $35
microSD/TransFlash
Smallest memory card available
256MB - $35 / 2GB - $120
MMC
Up to 8GB
2GB - $50
RS-MMC/MMCmobile
Popular for handsets
MMCmobile: Meets lower voltage spec of 1.8V
HCSD
Capacity > 2GB
SDIO
Extends functionality of devices with SD Card socket
Not Supported

6. Where is SD Used? Digital Cameras (DSC, Video) Media Players
Voice Recorders
PDA
PC Peripherals
GPS – Data Tracking
Mobile Handsets – Number and Setting Storage
Exercise Equipment – Storing Data
Bootloaders – Feed Data to Other Devices for Programming
Shoes….

7. Where is SD Used? PSoC Supported
Digital Cameras (DSC, Video)
Media Players
Voice Recorders
PDA
PC Peripherals
GPS – Data Tracking
Mobile Handsets – Number and Setting Storage
Exercise Equipment – Storing Data
Bootloaders – Feed Data to Other Devices for Programming
Shoes….

8. PSoC + SD: Required Resources
Digital Blocks
Analog Blocks
Flash
RAM
I/O
1 (DCB)
20kB
700 bytes
4-7
**Limited to only 29xxx family parts
File System must be compatible with the build configuration (selectable parameter) of the User Module (UM)
Several build configurations are available in the SDCard UM
Complex file systems require more flash
Must support additional addressing requirements
Full – Additional addresses require more flash (How much on average?)
Standard – Complete API list is loaded into library source file (How much do you save by using FAT16/Standard option?)
Build Configuration Options:
FAT32: Must use “Full File System” build configuration
FAT16: Can use “Standard File System” or “Full File System” build configuration
Basic
Read Only
Basic Read Write
APIs removed from library source file  reduced flash usage
No file system  reduced flash usage

9. Why is so much Flash required?
Implementing the file system to interface to SD Card requires sizeable Flash space
Most cards are formatted with FAT32 (Generally 32MB and greater)- Full file system build configuration.
**FAT32 is a more complex file system, and requires more flash to support additional addresses available in the card.
The FAT32 file system has more address space which requires more flash than the FAT16 file system. Both these file systems include the same API functions.
The other build configurations reduce the size of flash needed by offering SD Card communication options with more limited capabilities.

10. Some Definitions: “File System”
Data Structure that…
Stores and organizes computer files and data
Facilitates access to storage devices
Contains directories with subsets of filenames
Allows files to be searched, copied, renamed, removed, etc.

11. PSoC File System Compatibility
Compatible:
MS-DOS - Microsoft
FAT16
FAT32
NOT Compatible:
MS-DOS FAT12
Limited availability
Requires more code space than FAT16
3-bit nibbles
HFS - Hierarchical File System
Apple Computer – MAC OS
NTFS – New Technology File System
Windows NT
Windows 2000
Windows XP

12. Some Definitions: “FAT”
FAT: Disk structure that partitions blocks of contiguous space into clusters
Connects each file with an index into a file allocation table (FAT)
Clusters are typically 2 KB to 32 KB in size
Clusters contain groups of sectors which are 512 bytes in size
Each cluster may only link to one file at a time
Files typically contain many sectors or clusters
FAT entries correspond one for one with clusters
Each FAT entry points to the next FAT entry for the same file or directory
A special value indicates the end of the file
The size of FAT entries dictates the size of the FAT and the maximum size of the disk. There are 3 common FAT entry sizes in use:
FAT Entry Size
Number of Clusters
FAT12
4,078
FAT16
65,518
FAT32
268,435,438

13. PSoC + SD: Nuances Limited by cache buffer size
Requires Short File Names (Dos8.3)
Saves code space
Generally longer file names are mapped to other directories which aren’t supported
Supports Only 1 Directory: Root Directory
More code is required to track directory paths
Flat-file system
Speed Reduced with Multiple Files Open
More RAM needed for additional files
Read/Write speed of ~2200 BYTES per second
SPI mode instead of SD mode
Clock speed
Two clock speed choices:
24 MHz at 5V: 5% Performance Enhancement
12 MHz at 3.3V
Limited by cache buffer size

14. PSoCSD Connections (2.7-3.3V)

15. PSoCSD Connections (5V)

16. SD Card Communication: 2 Types
SD Mode
Clock
4 Bidirectional Data Lines
SPI Mode (PSoC Supported)
Card Select (Slave Select)
2 Unidirectional Data Lines

17. SD Internals PSoC implements the file system:
PSoC supplies a command to the card interface controller in order to read from or write to files on the SD card
Card interface controller retrieves data
PSoC completes calculations to determine further necessary commands

18. SD Card Lab

19. Lab Hardware: CY3210-SDCARD
SD Card Adapter board (3.3V) is compatible with the LCD connector on the CY3210-PSoCEVAL1 board (shown)
To properly supply SD Card Adapter board with 3.3V
Insert jumper JP3 to regulate voltage to 3.3V
Remove the following jumpers:
JP2: Connects P27 to TX pin
JP1: Connects P16 to RX pin

20. Lab Hardware: SDUSB CY3210-SDCARD Kit also contains
SD Card Reader/Writer with USB connection
64 MB SD Card
Connect Reader/Writer to PC and insert SD Card to read
*Note: Additional projects located in PSoC Designer Examples directory

21. Lab Software: You Need to Install…
PSoC Designer
PSoC Express
PSoC Programmer
Latest User Module (UM) Extension Pack

22. Project 1: “Hello World” Quick Example
Build Project
Insert SD Card Adapter board into LCD connector on CY3210-PSoCEval1 board (as shown)
Put CY8C PXI PSoC device into 28-pin PDIP socket
Open “Hello World” project from PSoC Designer in the following directory: C:\ProgramFiles\CypressMicrosystems\ PSoCDesigner\Examples\SDCard\Hello
Generate application, build and program part
Connect 12V power supply to voltage regulator on PSoCEval1 board
Run Project
Insert SD Card into SD Card Adapter board’s socket
PSoC writes “Hello World” to SD Card
Remove SD Card
Place SD Card in USB Thumb Drive
Read “hello.txt”
*Note: Using MiniProg to program will supply the entire PSoCEVAL1 board 5V. Remove SD Card
from Adapter board before using MiniProg.

23. Additional Example Projects
The following example projects are located within PSoC Designer: C:\Program Files\Cypress MicroSystems\PSoC Designer\Examples\SDCard
AppendFile - Open a file and write string to a file. Also print file’s size out the serial port.
ListFiles - When card is inserted in the SD socket, the file’s names and their sizes will be printed via the serial port.
SdCopyFile - Creates a file then copies it to another file.
UartLog - This application requires the use of a terminal emulator. It will log data to the SD Card until a line with a period "." in the first character location is detected.
UartRead - Open a specific file and display its contents via a serial port.

24. Resources SD Card Physical Layer Specification www.sdcard.org
MMC Card Physical Layer Specification