1. Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 1

2. What does Anatomy mean?
Anatomy is the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationships to one another.
Gross Anatomy
Large easily observable structures
Microscopic Anatomy
Very small structures that need a microscope

3. What does Physiology mean?
Physiology is the study of how the body and its parts work or function.

4. In your groups, discuss the relationship between Anatomy and Physiology.
Ask yourselves… How are the two different? Give examples How are they similar? Describe how they are closely related.

5. Levels of Structural Organization
Atoms
Cells
Tissues
Organ
Organ system
Organism

6. In your groups, come up with as many organ systems as you can think of.
Nervous system
Digestive system
Skeletal system
Muscular system
Cardiovascular system
Reproductive system
Respiratory system
Urinary system
Integumentary system
Endocrine system
Lymphatic system

7. What are necessary life functions that an organism must have to survive?
Maintaining Boundaries
Responsiveness
Digestion
Metabolism
Excretion
Movement
Reproduction
Growth

8. What factors must be available in order for an organism to survive?
Oxygen
Nutrients (food)
Water
Appropriate body temperature
Appropriate atmospheric pressure

9. What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis describes the body’s ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world is continously changing.

10. What is a homeostatic imbalance?
Homeostatic imbalance is a condition where there is a disturbance in homeostasis.
Most disease can be regarded as a result
Aging
Body organs become less efficient
Internal conditions become less stable

11. Anatomical Position
Anatomical Position is the standard body position in Anatomy.