1. S.Ducasse Stéphane Ducasse Stephane.Ducasse@univ-savoie.fr http://www.listic.univ-savoie.fr/~ducasse/r/~ducasse/ 1 Adapter

2. S.Ducasse License: CC-Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/ 2

3. S.Ducasse 3 Adapter Convert the interface of a class into another interface clients expect. Adapter lets classes work together that couldn't otherwise because of incompatible interfaces. Aka: Wrapper

4. S.Ducasse 4 Motivation Sometimes a toolkit class designed for reuse isn't reusable only because its interface doesn't match the domain-specific interface an application requires.

5. S.Ducasse 5 Adapter Solution

6. S.Ducasse 6 Possible Adapter Structures

7. S.Ducasse 7 Participants Target (Shape) defines the domain-specific interface that Client uses. Client (DrawingEditor) collaborates with objects conforming to the Target interface. Adaptee (TextView) defines an existing interface that needs adapting. Adapter (TextShape) adapts the interface of Adaptee to the Target interface.

8. S.Ducasse 8 Collaborations Clients call operations on an Adapter instance. In turn, the adapter calls Adaptee operations that carry out the request.

9. S.Ducasse 9 About Identity A decorator and its component aren't identical. A decorator acts as a transparent enclosure. But from an object identity point of view, a decorated component is not identical to the component itself. If the decorator is wrapping, then identity of the object may change. Good at construction time, but else should “adapt” the references from the decorated to the decorator.

10. S.Ducasse 10 Consequences More flexibility than static inheritance. Dynamic addition of properties Avoids feature-laden classes high up in the hierarchy. Lots of little objects.

11. S.Ducasse 11 Implementation Interface conformance. A decorator object's interface must conform to the interface of the component it decorates. ConcreteDecorator classes must therefore inherit from a common class (at least in C++). Omitting the abstract Decorator class. There's no need to define an abstract Decorator class when you only need to add one responsibility. Keeping Component classes lightweight. Component should specify an interface, decorators are then easier to define

12. S.Ducasse 12 Wrapping or not? Conforming or not With decorator With strategies

13. S.Ducasse 13 Strategies? Strategies are a better choice when the Component class is heavyweight, thereby making the Decorator pattern too costly to apply. The Strategy-based approach might require modifying the component to accommodate new extensions. - a strategy can have its own specialized interface, - a decorator's interface must conform to the component's. A strategy needs only define the interface for rendering a border, which means that the strategy can be lightweight even if the Component class is heavyweight.

14. S.Ducasse 14 Known Uses VisualWorks Wrapper hierarchy Stream Decorators in VisualWorks: BOSSTransporter is a stream decorator FormattedStream is a stream decorator