1. Lewis Structures This is also called the Electron Dot Structure. Look at the highest Energy Level of an atom. Add the number of electrons within that energy level (s and p orbitals).

2. Lewis Structures Arrange “dots” around the symbol of the atom to represent those electrons.

3. Reasons for Electron Dot Structure Represents Rule of Eight Shows the number of electrons in highest energy level Shows how element will react Easier than Electron Configuration Notation

4. Reasons for Electron Dot Structure Used to show types of Molecular Bonding Clearly represents Periodic Law

5. Rule of Eight The Rule of Eight states that an element can have no more than eight electrons in its highest energy level

6. Rule of Eight If we look at the Electron Configuration Notation of an element, we notice that the orbitals in the highest energy level only include the s and p orbitals which combined can only hold up to eight electrons.

7. Rule of Eight and Electron Dot Structure Applying the Rule of Eight dictates where the electrons (dots) are placed around the Symbol of the element we wish to represent. Let’s use the generic symbol “Sy” to show the order and location of the dots.

8. Rule of Eight and Electron Dot Structure Sy 1 2 6 4 5 7 8 3 Represents the “s” orbital electrons Represents the “p” orbital electrons

9. Electron Dot Structure So, the Electron Dot Structure of an element with a full “s” and “p” orbital would look like: Sy

10. Electron Dot Structure of an element Lithium = if we add up the number of electrons in the highest energy level we get 1 –So the Electron Dot Structure of Lithium is: 1s 2 2s 1 Li Highest energy level is 2

11. Electron Dot Structure of an element Sulfur = if we add up the number of electrons in the highest energy level we get 2 + 4 = 6 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 4 Highest energy level is 3

12. Electron Dot Structure of an element –So the Electron Dot Structure of Sulfur is: S

13. Electron Dot Structure of an element Vanadium = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 3 Highest energy level is 4

14. Electron Dot Structure of an element –if we add up the number of electrons in the highest energy level we get 2 electrons –So the Electron Dot Structure of Vanadium is: V