1. Top level overview of target injection and tracking tasks High Average Power Laser Program Workshop Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory October 27 and 28, 2004 Presented by Dan Goodin at the

2. 1.What is target injection and tracking? 2.What are the basic requirements? 3.What are the issues to be addressed? 4.What’s being done? Summary - target injection, tracking, and beam steering

3. 1.Build an injector that accelerates targets to a velocity to traverse the chamber (~6.5 m) in 16 milliseconds or less. 2.Demonstrate target tracking with sufficient accuracy for a power plant (+/- 20 microns). Phase I injection/tracking/steering tasks Phase I goals for target injection and tracking: Turbo Pumps Gun Barrel Target Catcher Target Position Detectors Sabot Deflector Revolver Chamber Expansion Tanks

4. 7 3 R 7 m T ~1500 C Injection, tracking, & steering requirements are “challenging” Inject about 500,000 targets per day (~6 Hz) for 1000 MW(e) High velocity - ~400 m/s, separable sabot for handling/accelerating Acceleration limited to about 1000 g’s (for “real” cryo target, TBC) Need membrane support to avoid point-loading of target Reliable, repetitive placement to  5 mm Direct drive tracking and beam steering to  20  m Integration of tracking & beam steering (reference system)

5. 1) Showing a method to repetitively inject targets at high velocity -Gas gun demo -“Advanced” injection methods (EM injector) 2) Showing in-flight tracking to  20  m -Ex-chamber tracking demo -Develop in-chamber tracking methods What are the issues and what’s being done? We have demonstrated with the gas-gun: -Rep-rated operation (6 Hz, “burst” mode) -Two-piece sabot separation and deflection -Membrane support of target in sabot -Injection velocity of ≥400 m/s -Time “jitter” at chamber center of ~ 0.5 ms -In-flight tracking -Target placement accuracy at one sigma of 10 mm Sabot separation at 400 m/s Approximately 25 meter length reflects SOMBRERO plant fueling layout Evaluating/testing electromagnetic, non- contacting coil gun design for the future

6. 3) Showing how to integrate the tracking and beam steering systems -Conceptual designs and analyses 4) Showing target survival during the injection process -Modeling of DT heatup during injection -Modeling of DT response to heatup -Experiments with rapid DT heatup -Measurements of DT strength What are the issues and what’s being done (continued)? Reference sphere to define target chamber center Simulation of 18K target entering 4000K chamber gas T max = 4.36 10 3 K T ave = 1.42 10 3 K V max = 261.7 m/s Axisymmetric Chamber conditions affect heatup and tracking DT cell for rapid heatup testing Design of cell for measuring strength of DT (2mm X 2mm view)

7. The presentations deal directly with these issues……… Talks in this session: 1) Target survival during injection - René Raffray 2) Target injection issue, background gas and plasma - David Harding 3) In-chamber tracking and integration with beam steering - Graham Flint 4) Status of target injection experiments - Dan Frey 5) Status of target tracking experiments - Ron Petzoldt Injection experiment setup to simulate full- length of Sombrero fueling In-flight tracking at 400 m/s