1. Chapter Six Humans in the Biosphere

3. Section One

4. I.Earth as an Island A. All organisms on earth, including humans, share a limited pool of resources.

5. Section Two Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources

6. I.Classifying Resources A. Environmental goods and services may be classified as either renewable or nonrenewable 1.Renewable Resources-resource that can regenerate quickly and that is replaceable Examples: soil, forests, fisheries *, freshwater Note: 2.Nonrenewable Resources- resources that cannot be replenished by natural processes Example: Fossil Fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas

7. II. Sustainable Development A. A way of using natural resources in such a way that... 1.Does not deplete them 1.Provides for human needs without causing harm to the environment B. Solar and Wind Power are considered sustainable power sources

8. III. Land Resources A.Provides... 1.Space for building communities and industrial facilities 2.Raw Materials for industry, particularly from mining activities 3.Soil for growing crops B. Dangers to Land 1. Soil Erosion 2. Desertification

9. IV. Forestry Resources A. Forests provide lumber for homes and furniture, paper, and fuel for heating and cooking B. Whether forests are renewable or nonrenewable, sustainable or non-sustainable depends on the type of forest and management of the forest C. Deforestation can result in severe erosion Nonrenewable Renewable 1. Old Growth vs Temperate Deciduous Non-sustainable Sustainable 2. Clear cutting vs Selective Harvesting

10. V. Fishery Resources A.Fisheries are areas, in lakes, rivers, bays, oceans and other bodies of water where fish and other seafood are harvested B. In the last half of the 20 th century many fisheries were overfished (unsustainable practice)

11. Atlantic Cod. Photo credit: Dieter Craasmann. C. The U.S. now has regulations in place that make fishing a sustainable practice

12. VI. Air Resources A. Organisms need clean air for aerobic respiration B. Ecological Dangers can be created by pollutants 1. Smog- a gray –brown haze in the atmosphere 2. Acid Rain- contains nitric and sulfuric acids, damages plants and alters soil chemistry

13. VII. Freshwater Resources A. Water is used for drinking, household uses, industrial uses, and agricultural uses C. Sustainable practices 1. Wetland protection 2. Drip Irrigation B. Threats to Freshwater 1. Overuse 2. Pollution from agriculture and industry

14. Section Three Biodiversity

15. A. Biodiversity is one of Earth’s greatest natural resources. Organisms of many kinds have provided us with foods, industrial products, and medicines I. Biodiversity- the sum total of the variety of all organisms in the biosphere

16. II. Threats to Biodiversity A.Habitat Alteration- When habitat is destroyed or altered it limits the diversity of life that can be found there

17. B. Demand for Wildlife Products 1. Throughout history humankind has hunted many species to extinction 2. Animals are hunted for their, meat, fur, hides, horns, and internal organs Examples: Tigers, Rhinos

18. C. Pollution 1. Biological Magnification- increasing concentration of a harmful substance in organisms at higher trophic levels

19. D. Introduced Species 1. Also called invasive species which are organisms that have been displaced into ecosystems to which they are not native 2. They upset the balance of ecosystems because they go unchecked by predators and parasites of their native ecosystems