1. Bullying Linaka Norman Tasha Thompson November 20, 2014

2. Bullying- What is IT? Four Types of bullying: 0 Verbal. This type of bullying usually involves name calling and or teasing 0 Social. Spreading rumors, intentionally leaving others out of activities on purpose, breaking up friendships are all examples of social bullying. 0 Physical. This traditional form of bullying involves hitting, punching, shoving and other acts of intention physical harm. 0 Cyberbullying. This method of bullying involves using the Internet, texting, email and other digital technologies to harm others.

3. What We Know About Bullying? Facts on bullying 0 Imbalance of power. Typically those who engage in bully- like behaviors use their strength, popularity or power to harm, control or manipulate others. They will usually target those who are weaker in size or may have a difficult time defending themselves. 0 Intent to cause harm. A bully is a person who does not do things by accident. The bully intends to physically or emotionally injure a person or group of persons. 0 Repetition. Typically incidents of bullying are not a one- time thing. Bullies target the same person or group over and over again.

4. Warning Signs Victims of Bullying 0 Comes home with unexplained injuries or with damaged or missing clothing or other belongings 0 Has change in eating habits 0 Makes excuses not to go to school 0 Has fewer friends 0 Feels helpless 0 Talks about suicide 0 Acts out of character 0 Avoids certain places or playing outside alone 0 Feels like they are not good enough 0 Has trouble sleeping 0 Blames themselves for their problems

5. Warning Signs Children Who are the BULLY 0 Becomes frequently violent 0 Has trouble controlling anger 0 Is manipulative and controlling of others and situations 0 Is quick to blame others 0 Does not accept responsibility for their actions 0 Needs to win or be the best at everything

6. Demographics/Statistics 0 Approximately 20% of kids are bullies 0 25% of children experience repeated victimization 0 Many bullies are “prominent youngsters” admired for leadership qualities, attractiveness, or athletic abilities 0 MOGAI students are most likely to be bullied 0 Victims of bullying tend to have 0 A frail physical appearance 0 Few friends 0 An inhibited temperament

7. Physical Development Impact 0 Students who are bullied often experience: 0 Higher rates of insomnia 0 Somatic complaints such as 0 Stomach ache 0 Headache 0 Dizzyness

8. Cognitive Development Impact 0 Students who are bullied often: 0 Avoid school 0 They can fall behind peers 0 Experience impaired cortisol production 0 Disrupted physiological reaction to stress 0 Lose interest in things they used to be interested in 0 Removing this cognitive stimulation stagnates their brain

9. Emotional/Social Development Impact 0 Students who are bullied: 0 Have greater rates of depression and anxiety 0 Experience increased feelings of sadness and isolation 0 Often have lower self-esteem 0 Don’t learn appropriate social skills

10. Resources for Parents Book Coloroso, B. (2004). The bully, the bullied, and the bystander: From preschool to high school : how parents and teachers can help break the cycle of violence. New York: Quill. Websites http://www.thebullyproject.com/ http://www.ncpc.org/topics/bullying/what-parents-can- do http://www.sheknows.com/parenting/articles/955479/7 -bullying-resources-for-parents http://www.pacer.org/bullying/ Article Cook, C. R., Williams, K. R., Guerra, N. G., Kim, T. E., & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25, 65-83.

11. Resources for Counselors Book Goldman, C. (2012). Bullied: What every parent, teacher, and kid needs to know about ending the cycle of fear. New York: HarperOne. Websites http://www.stopbullying.gov/ http://www.bullying.org/ http://www.eyesonbullying.org/about.ht ml Article Espelage, D. L., Bosworth, K., & Simon, T. R. (2000). Examining the social context of bullying behaviors in early adolescence. Journal of Counseling and Development, 78, 326-333

12. Myths/Facts Myth: “Bullying is just, stage, a normal part of life. I went through it my kids will too. ” Fact: Bullying is not “normal” or socially acceptable behavior. We give bullies power by our acceptance of this behavior. Myth: “If I tell someone, it will just make it worse.” Fact: Research shows that bullying will stop when adults in authority and peers get involved Myth: “Just stand up for yourself and hit them back” Fact: While there are some times when people can be forced to defend themselves, hitting back usually makes the bullying worse and increases the risk for serious physical harm. Myth: “Bullying is a school problem, the teachers should handle it” Fact: Bullying is a broader social problem that of- ten happens outside of schools, on the street, at shopping centers, the local pool, summer camp and in the adult workplace.” Myth: “People are born bullies” Fact: Bullying is a learned behavior and behaviors can be changed

13. Children’s Books Dewdney, A. (2013). Llama Llama and the bully goat. New York: Penguin. (3-6) Cook, J., & DuFalla, A. (2009). Bully B.E.A.N.S. Chattanooga, TN: National Center for Youth Issues. (over 3) Peters, J. (2010). By The Time You Read This I'll Be Dead. New York: Disney/Hyperion Books. (13- 17)

14. References 0 Berk, L. (2014). Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood. In Exploring Lifespan Development (3rd ed., p. 270). Kendaliville: Pearson. 0 Gruber, J., & Fineran, S. (2008). Comparing the Impact of Bullying and Sexual Harassment Victimization on the Mental and Physical Health of Adolescents. Sex Roles, 59(1), 1-13. Retrieved November 15, 2014, from Proquest.