1. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 1 Chapter 14 Multicasting And Multicast Routing Protocols

2. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION MULTICAST ROUTING MULTICAST TREES MULTICAST ROUTING PROTOCOLS DVMRP MOSPF CBT PIM MBONE

3. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 3 INTRODUCTION 14.1

4. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 4 14.1 개요  메시지 전달 방법  Unicasting : one-to-one  Mulicastin : one-to-many  Broadcasting : one-to-all

5. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 5 14.1 개요  유니캐스트

6. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 6 14.1 개요 In unicast routing, the router forwards the received packet through only one of its interfaces.

7. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 7 14.1 개요  멀티캐스팅

8. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 8 14.1 개요 In multicast routing, the router may forward the received packet through several of its interfaces.

9. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 9 14.1 개요  멀티캐스팅 대 다중 유니캐스팅

10. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 10 14.1 개요  멀티캐스팅 대 다중 유니캐스팅

11. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 11 14.1 개요 Emulation of multicasting through multiple unicasting is not efficient and may create long delays, particularly with a large group.

12. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 12 14.1 개요  Multicast 응용  분산 데이터 베이스 액세스  정보 발송  뉴스 발송  원격 회의  원격 강의

13. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 13 MULTICAST ROUTING 14.2

14. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 14 14.2 멀티캐스트 라우팅  Multicasting routing 목표  그룹내의 모든 멤버는 하나의 멀티캐스트 패킷 수 신  멤버만이 패킷 수신  라우팅에 루프가 없어야 함  패킷 전달 최적 경로 선택  스패팅 트리 활용

15. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 15 MULTICAST TREES 14.3

16. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 16 14.2 멀티캐스트 라우팅  멀티캐스트 트리  송신자 기반 트리 (source-based tree)  송신자와 그룹의 조합마다 단일 트리 구성  접근방법 : DVMRD, MOSPF, PIM-DM  그룹 공유 트리 (group-shared tree)  시스템 내의 각 트리는 동일한 트리 공유  접근방법 : Steiner tree, rendezvous tree

17. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 17 14.2 멀티캐스트 라우팅 In a source-based tree approach, the combination of source and group determines the tree.

18. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 18 14.2 멀티캐스트 라우팅 In the group-shared tree approach, the group determines the tree.

19. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 19 MULTICAST ROUTING PROTOCOLS 14.4

20. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 20 14.4 멀티캐스트 라우팅 프로토콜  멀티캐스트 라우팅 프로토콜

21. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 21 DVMRP 14.5

22. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 22 14.5 DVMRP  DVRP(Distance Vector Routing Protocol) 확 장  최단 경로 트리 구성  루프가 형성되지 않아야 함  중복 (duplication) 이 없어야 함  동적인 멤버쉽 제공

23. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 23 14.5 DVMRP  RPF(Reverse Path Forwarding)  수정된 플러딩 정책  최단 경로를 통해 도착한 사본만 전달  DVRP 유니캐스트 라우팅 테이블 사용

24. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 24 14.5 DVMRP  RPF(Reverse Path Forwarding)

25. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 25 14.5 DVMRP In reverse path forwarding (RPF), the router forwards only the packets that have traveled the shortest path from the source to the router; all other copies are discarded.

26. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 26 14.5 DVMRP RPF prevents the formation of loops.

27. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 27 14.5 DVMRP  RPB(Reverse Path Broadcasting)  RPF 는 각 망이 하나의 사본만의 수신을 보장하지 못함

28. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 28 14.5 DVMRP  RPF 대 RPB  중복 해결을 위해 지정한 부모 라우터로부터 수신

29. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 29 14.5 DVMRP RPB creates a shortest path broadcast tree from the source to each destination. It guarantees that each destination receives one and only one copy of the packet.

30. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 30 14.5 DVMRP  RPF, RPB, 그리고 RPM

31. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 31 14.5 DVMRP RPM adds pruning and grafting to RPB to create a multicast shortest path tree that supports dynamic membership changes.

32. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 32 MOSPF 14.6

33. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 33 14.6 MOSPF  유니캐스트 트리와 멀티캐스트 트리

34. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 34 CBT 14.7

35. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 35 14.7 CBT  Rendezvous 라우터를 가지는 공유 - 그룹 트리

36. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 36 14.7 CBT  Rendezvous 라우터에게 멀티캐스트 패킷 송 신

37. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 37 14.7 CBT In CBT, the source sends the multicast packet (encapsulated in a unicast packet) to the core router. The core router decapsulates the packet and forwards it to all interested hosts.

38. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 38 PIM 14.8

39. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 39 14.8 PIM PIM-DM is used in a dense multicast environment, such as a LAN environment.

40. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 40 14.8 PIM PIM-DM uses RPF and pruning/grafting strategies to handle multicasting. However, it is independent from the underlying unicast protocol.

41. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 41 14.8 PIM PIM-SM is used in a sparse multicast environment such as a WAN.

42. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 42 14.8 PIM PIM-SM is similar to CBT but uses a simpler procedure.

43. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 43 MBONE 14.9

44. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 44 14.9 MBONE  논리적 터널링

45. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 45 14.9 MBONE  MBONE

46. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 46 14.9 MBONE DVMRP supports MBONE