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11/12 Focus 11/12 Focus: Sparta was a powerful Greek city-state known for its emphasis on military training and military power. Do Now: Do Now: – Identify the two earliest civilizations in Greece
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Ancient Greece City-States Sparta and Athens
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Review What was the primary impact that mountainous terrain had on the development of civilization in Greece?
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Development of the City State Collapse of Mycenaean civilization led a dark age in Greece – Greek civilization experiences a period of decline City-States develop as the major political unit in Greece
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The Polis Greek word for city- state – Made up of city and surrounding countryside – Controlled 50-500 sq miles of territory The City-State or Polis of Athens
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Characteristics of the Polis Two parts of a Polis – Acropolis Hilltop Temples – Agora Flat Marketplaces, theater, public areas, homes
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Characteristics of the Polis Cultural characteristics of city-states – Greek language spoken in city states – Same myths and heroes – Polytheistic Same gods and religious beliefs – Participated in the Olympic games
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Sparta City State on the Peloponnesian peninsula Government – Oligarchy State ruled by a small group of wealthy citizens
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Sparta Sparta developed a military society Military Training – Education was centered around training for military service – All boys left home at age 7 and moved into army barracks – Goal was to establish toughness and discipline – Became at hoplites at age 20 and served till age 30 Spearmen who fought in phalanx formation – Had to be available for military service until age 60
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Sparta Women did not train for military service Expected to produce healthy boys for the army – Had to exercise and strengthen their bodies – babies who were not healthy at birth were left to die Not allowed to vote but could own property
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Spartan Decline Individual freedom discouraged Did not focus on artistic expression or trade Eventually led to their decline
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Closure List three cultural characteristics that were common in Greek city states Describe the type of society that was created in Sparta? What was the role of women in Sparta?
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