1. Ocean Floor Exploration and Features

2. Ocean Exploration The old method of data collection to map the ocean floor used lead weights and rope. The old method of data collection to map the ocean floor used lead weights and rope.

3. HMS Challenger (1872-1876)

4. Ocean Exploration By 1925 SONAR began to be used By 1925 SONAR began to be used SOund Navigation And Ranging SOund Navigation And Ranging SONAR used echo sounding or timed echoes SONAR used echo sounding or timed echoes Helped submarines in WWII Helped submarines in WWII

5. SONAR (Echo Sounder)

6. Ocean Exploration In the 1970s, scientists began using orbiting satellites to collect ocean data In the 1970s, scientists began using orbiting satellites to collect ocean data This method proved to be much faster This method proved to be much faster

7. Seasat Seasat was launched in 1978 Seasat was launched in 1978 It measured the direction and speed of ocean currents It measured the direction and speed of ocean currents

8. Geosat

9. Satellite Coverage in 10 Days

10. Ocean Exploration Underwater submersibles are used to explore some of the most remote places of the ocean floor. Underwater submersibles are used to explore some of the most remote places of the ocean floor. Ex. of piloted vessels: The Alvin and Deep Flight Ex. of piloted vessels: The Alvin and Deep Flight Ex. of robotic vessels: JASON II and Medea Ex. of robotic vessels: JASON II and Medea

11. The Alvin Submersible

12. Deep Flight Submersible **Actually classified as an underwater airplane.

13. Ocean Floor Features

16. More Features… Volcanic Island- top of a seamount that is above water level Volcanic Island- top of a seamount that is above water level Shoreline- where the land meets the continental shelf (beach) Shoreline- where the land meets the continental shelf (beach) Guyots- seamounts with flat tops caused by wave erosion

17. Active Continental Margin

18. Passive Continental Margin