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Published byBeverly Barnett Modified over 8 years ago
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The Sun The Planets (Inner and Outer) Satellites Asteroids and Comets
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Ball of gas whose heat is generated by nuclear fusion reactions in its core.
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Center of Solar System – center of mass Gravitational force holds all other bodies in their orbital pattern. Made of Hydrogen (71%) and Helium (~27%) and other elements (Carbon, Iron, Uranium, etc)
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the common center of mass around which two or more bodies revolve; the point around which they both orbit each other
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All planets orbit counterclockwise around the Sun Two types: Inner and Outer planets
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars Also called terrestrial planets because they are “rocky” Little or no atmosphere Composed mainly of silicon and oxygen. Also, aluminum, magnesium, sulfur, and iron
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Silicon is outnumbered by hydrogen (25,000 to 1) but because it is warm near the Inner Planets the hydrogen, methane, ammonia cannot condense Remember Step 2 in Solar Nebula hypothesis? If only “rocky” or material condenses the planet will be “rocky”
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Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune Also called “Gas Giants” Most have deep, hydrogen-rich atmospheres Made of water vapor, carbon dioxide, frozen ammonia, and/or frozen methane
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Have no true “surface” Their atmospheres thicken with depth so there is a transition from gas to somewhat liquid materials on what would be the “surface” Possible that the center is solid if differentiation is happening just as it did on Earth.
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Satellite: a body that orbits a planet Over 200 total moons/satellites have been recognized thus far. More details about specific moons later on!
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Asteroids: rocky bodies with diameters that range from a few meters up to 1000 km (1/10 size of Earth!) Comets: icy bodies about 10 km or less.
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Asteroids: originate in the Asteroid belt (large orbital belt in between Mars and Jupiter) Comets: originate either in the Oort cloud (region that surrounds Solar System-full of frozen material) OR in the Kuiper belt (region just beyond Neptune)
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What element is most prominent in the Sun? What planets are the inner or “terrestrial” planets? What planets are the outer or “Gas Giant” planets? What is another word for satellite? Where do comets originate? Where do asteroids originate?
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