1. Chemistry I Chapter 10 Review Calorie – energy needed to raise temp. of 1g of water 1 o C Energy – ability to do work or produce heat Endothermic – energy as heat flows into system Entropy – a measure of disorder of a system Exothermic – energy as heat flows out of system Heat – flow of energy due to temp. differences Kinetic energy – energy of motion Potential energy – stored energy

2. Chemistry I Chapter 10 Review Specific heat capacity – energy needed to raise temperature of 1 g of a substance 1 o C. State function – property of a system that changes independent of the pathway taken Surroundings – the remainder of the universe System – portion of the universe in which you are interested Temperature – measure of the random motions of molecules and atoms of a substance Work – force acting over a distance

3. Chemistry I Chapter 10 Review The amount of heat gained/lost by a substance depends on: -the change in temperature of the substance -the mass of the substance -the specific heat capacity of the substance Ice, warm or cold water, have lower entropy than steam.

4. Chemistry I Chapter 10 Review ΔH (enthalpy – heat) for a reaction is the difference of the enthalpy (how much energy is produced or absorbed) of the products and reactants. Enthalpy “-” indicates reaction is exothermic Enthalpy “+” indicates reaction is endothermic 1 calorie = 4.184 J 4.184J = 1g o C for water only!

5. Chemistry I Chapter 10 Review Endothermic products have higher potential energy content than their reactants because of absorbing energy from surroundings. Exothermic products have lower potential energy content than their reactants because of releasing energy to the surroundings.

6. Chemistry I Chapter 10 Review Joules and calories problems.