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Valence Electrons and Ions
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Periodic Table of the Elements
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Ion Charge Reactive elements can become stable (full valence shell) by gaining or losing electrons. An atom that gains electrons becomes a negatively charged ion called an anion. Non-metals gain electrons. An atom that loses electrons becomes a positively charged ion called a cation. Metals lose electrons.
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Magnesium ( 24 12 Mg) Mgatom Mg 2+ ion charge = +12-12 (0)charge = +12-10 Magnesium atom loses 2 valence electrons Mg 2+ has a full valence shell and is stable
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Nitrogen ( 14 7 N) N atom N -3 ion charge = +7 – 7 (0) charge = +7 - 10 Nitrogen atom gains 3 valence electrons The nitride ion has a full valence shell, so it is stable -3
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What will the charge be? +1 +2 +3 -3 -2
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CLASSWORK Complete the back of the handout “Formation of Ions”
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