2. MOVEMENT IN PLANT Based on its stimulus, the movements in plant are grouped into three : 1. ENDOGENOUS MOVEMENT 2. EXOGENOUS MOVEMENT 3. HYGROSCOPIC MOVEMENT

3. ENDOGENOUS MOVEMENT (AUTOTOMIC)

4. ENDOGENOUS MOVEMENT Is movement that is not known yet its cause certainly but predicted this motion is caused by stimulus that comes from the body of plant itself. Examples - the flowing movement of cytoplasm in cell - the bending movement of leaf bid because of difference of growth velocity

5. EXOGENOUS MOVEMENT (ETIONOM/ESIONOM)

6. EXOGENOUS MOVEMENT Is plant movement that it is caused by external stimulus External stimulus such as : Light, gravity, water, touch, and chemical substance

7. The various kinds of exogenous movements in plants 1.Tropism movement 2.Nastic movement 3.Taxis movement

8. TROPISM MOVEMENT Is movement of part of plant to stimulus that is movement direction is determined by the stimulus Kinds of tropism phototropism 1. phototropism 2. geotropism 3. chemotropism 4. thigmotropism 5. hydrotropism

9. PHOTOTROPISM Is tropism movement that caused by stimulus of light Examples  the tip of plant that lies in room will bend to direction of incident light

10. GEOTROPISM Is tropism movement that follows earth gravitational force positive geotropism is geotropism movement that its direction is downward Negative geotropism is geotropism movement that its direction upward

11. GEOTROPISM

12. CHEMOTROPISM Is tropism movement that is caused by chemical substances stimulus Example :  the movement of root to food/fertilizer substance in soil

13. THIGMOTROPISM Is tropism movement that is caused by stimulus of touch to harder thing Example  Tendril of plant movement

14. HYDROTROPISM Is the movement of plant root that is influenced by reservation of soil water.

15. NASTIC MOVEMENT

16. Is plant movement to stimulus, that its direction is not determined by stimulus but by plant itself Kind of nastic movement 1. photonasty 2. nictinasty 3. thigmonasty 4. thermonasty 5. complex nasty

17. PHOTONASTIC Is nasty movement that its caused by stimulus of light example  the opening of Mirabilis jalapa flower at certain time

18. NICTINASTY Is nasty movement that its caused by dark condition (sleeping movement)Is nasty movement that its caused by dark condition (sleeping movement) ExamplesExamples the closing of Butterfly flower ‘s leaves at night  the closing of Butterfly flower ‘s leaves at night  the closing of compound leaves of Leucaena glauca at night

19. THIGMONASTY Is nasty movement that its caused by stumulus of touch Example  the closing of leaves of Mimosa pudica when touched

21. THERMONASTY Is nasty movement that is caused by temperature stimulus ExampleExample  Tulip flower will develop if suddently get temperature increasement

22. COMPLEX NASTY Is nasty movement that is caused by several factors altogether Example  the opening and closing of stomata is influenced by light, chemical substance and water

23. PICTURE THE OPENING AND CLOSING OF STOMATA

24. TAXIS MOVEMENT

25. Is transfer movement of all part to stimulus that its direction is determined by the stimulus Kinds of taxis movement 1. phototaxis 2. chemotaxis

26. PHOTOTAXIS Is taxis movement that is caused by stimulus of light ExampleExample  the movement of chlorophyll to surface/nearer surface the leaves to get the light

27. CHEMOTAXIS Is the taxis movement that is caused by chemical substances stimulus. Example  movement of spermatozoid of moss and fern to ovum that is found in archegonium attracted to the sugar or protein that is produced by archegonium

28. HYGROSCOPIC MOVEMENT

29. Is movement of part of plant that is caused by the influence of the change of water level from its cells so happens non-homogenous wrinkling Example  the breaking of dried Calanchoe pinnata fruit (cocor bebek)

31. The opening of sporangium in fern as the cause of wrinkling annulus cells ANULUS

32. The opening of sphorangium of moss as the cause of the wrinkling peristome cells