1. The Original Americans

4. Approximately 30,000 years B.C.E. “Highways” of Migration

5. The Paleolithic and Archaic Eras Paleolithic: ca. 35000 BCE to 9000 BCE Hunter-gatherers, nomadic lifestyle Archaic: Environmental Transitions Domesticated Agriculture Semi-Nomadic & Sedentary Societies

6. The Formative Era ca. 2000 years in duration—through 200 AD Types of social organization The Olmecs  San Lorenzo  La Venta  Characteristics  Legacy The Decline: after 200 BCE

7. Olmec Artifacts

8. “Classic” Era Societies Teotihuacán  The city  The population  Three types of empire military commercial cultural & religious  The end of the city

9. Teotihuac á n

11. Teotihuac á n — Pyramid of the Sun

12. Teotihuac á n — Pyramid of the Moon

13. Teotihuac á n — The Avenue of the Dead

14. Monte Albán in the Classic Era The Zapotecs Relations with Teotihuacán Social hierarchy The role of violence and the military

15. Monte Alb á n

18. The Classic Maya Traits of Maya Civilization Older Perceptions of the Maya Regions and Polities The End of the Classic Era, ca. 900 CE  What Happened? Various Theories

19. Maya Hieroglyphs

21. Maya Hieroglyph (Detail)

22. Chichen Itza

25. Palenque

27. Palenque (Carving Detail)