1. 1 Age of Exploration Part 1

2. 2 Spice Trade ► 1300s – Europeans dependent on spices such as pepper, cinnamon, & nutmeg ► Spices used for flavor, preserving meat, perfumes, cosmetics, and medicine ► Spice trade was controlled by Arab and Venetian merchants

3. 3 Why explore? ► Gold:  Overland routes were controlled by Mongols  Merchants sought a profitable trade with Asia ► God:  Church leaders wanted to spread Christianity and halt Islam ► Glory:  A new “worldly” view had emerged as a result of the Renaissance

4. 4 Technology necessary ► Oceangoing ships ► Triangle Sails ► Compass ► Astrolabe ► Sextant ► Accurate Maps ► Training in Navigation

5. 5 Prince Henry the Navigator ► Son of King John I of Portugal ► Sponsored many Portuguese voyages of exploration ► Founded a navigational school on the coast of Portugal ► His explorers ventured into the Atlantic and down the west coast of Africa ► Discovered the Azores, Madeira, & Cape Verde Islands

6. 6Mercantilism ► Economic policy of several European nations ► A country’s “wealth” was determined by how much gold & silver they had stockpiled. ► Increase in trade sought to maintain a favorable “balance of trade”  Wanted more Exports than imports

7. 7Mercantilism ► Governments set high tariffs  Taxes on Imports ► Colonies  Provide raw materials  Provide a market for finished goods

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