1. BACKGROUND MARS Research Presentation By Bradley Central Chemistry 3 rd Period Dr. Buckner

2. BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION

3. Is there a correlation between the width of an impact crater and the depth of that crater? This will assist in answering questions such as Does a bigger meteor always have a deeper impact than smaller meteors? Hypothesis: The greater the width of an impact crater; the greater the depth of the impact crater. The smaller the width of an impact crater; the smaller the depth of the impact crater.

4. BACKGROUND

5. Definitions Crater- circular bowl shaped depression on a surface such as Earth or Mars Meteor- a very small meteoroid that has entered the earth's atmosphere. Such objects have speeds approaching 70 kilometers per second Ejecta Blanket- is a generally symmetrical apron of ejecta that surrounds a crater. http://dictionary.com

6. http://static.mars.asu.edu/uploads/CratersPresentation.pdf

9. Preserved Craters Near perfect craters Raised rims Look New Can sometimes see ejecta blanket or central peak Young Crater http://marsed.mars.asu.edu/files/msip_resources/Mars%20Image%20Analysis%202012.pdf

10. Modified Craters Craters have been changed or modified – Erosion (wind, water, lava) – Other impacts Sometimes crater ejecta is visible but looks eroded Crater may have smooth floor (partially filled in with material or sediment) Middle-aged craters http://marsed.mars.asu.edu/files/msip_resources/Mars%20Image%20Analysis%202 012.pdf

11. Destroyed Craters Look very worn away Rims are broken Have been severely changed or modified Crater has been filled in almost completely by sediment Very old craters http://marsed.mars.asu.edu/files/msip_resources/Mars%20Image%20Analysis%202012.pdf

12. The numbers of craters and morphologies record the effects of erosion of a deposition that have been altering the face of mars throughout the history recorded by observable craters. If superposition, to the formation of such structures as volcanoes, stream channels, and lava flows, then we will know the broad outline of the Martian surface. http://www.universetoday.com/14885/mars-surface/ What we know

13. There are 635,000 impact craters on mars that are roughly a kilometer of more in diameter. Impact craters are shallow and smoother than lunar craters, indicating that mars has more active history erosion and deposition on the moon. Mars has the greatest diversity of impact crater types of any planet in the Solar System. Mars has a rate of volcanic and tectonic activity low enough that ancient, eroded craters are still preserved, yet high enough to have resurfaced large areas www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/meteor/

14. Experimental Design We used the THEMIS camera system from the Mars Odyssey Spacecraft - Visible Imagine System We used the THEMIS website to select images of craters searching within a set location (latitude of -10 to +13) http://themis.asu.edu

15. Used JMARS to explore selected images – Latitude – Longitude Record measurements – Width of crater – Depth of crater Noted any additional information of interest http://jmars.mars.asu.edu/downloads/jmars-msip.jnlp

16. Analysis Plan LongLat Crater Diameter (left to right) Crater Diameter (top to bottom)Type of Crater Depth of Crater 2.03.511.2160.888Modified1400 319.30.136.75Preserved2731 40.6-0.585.86.3Preserved592 119.6-0.1313.912.7Preserved300 119.6-0.2814.413.4Destroyed250

17. Calculating the Average Diameter of the Crater Used a formula to determine the average of: – Diameter left to right – Diameter top to bottom

22. Types of Craters

23. http://mola.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/mercat_med.jpg

24. Targeting our Image

26. BACKGROUND Conclusion

27. Will we ever inhabit Mars? How can we prepare for future meteor showers? Knowing about the meteors on Mars and the relationship to size and depth will help us in determining if other meteor showers could destroy the entire surface of the planet.

28. Initial Research Question – Is there a correlation between the width of an impact crater and the depth of that crater? Final Data Analysis – Our evidence fails to support that there is a relationship between the width of the impact crater and the depth of the impact crater. Additionally – As we examined the crater’s diameters, our data showed that there was a one to one ratio meaning the craters were circular in shape.

29. BACKGROUND Questions?