1. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? 2) What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination ? 3) What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? 4) What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? 5) What is the purpose of a loadmeter? Warm-Up – 10/26 – 10 minutes

2. Questions / Comments

3. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? 2) What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination ? 3) What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? 4) What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? 5) What is the purpose of a loadmeter? Warm-Up – 10/26 – 10 minutes

4. Airframe Systems Fuel Systems Two common classifications apply to fuel systems in small aircraft: Gravity-feed Fuel-pump systems.

5. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? 2) What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination ? 3) What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? 4) What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? 5) What is the purpose of a loadmeter? Warm-Up – 10/26 – 10 minutes

6. Fuel Systems Fuel Contamination Accidents attributed to powerplant failure from fuel contamination have often been traced to: Inadequate preflight inspection by the pilot. Servicing aircraft with improperly filtered fuel from small tanks or drums.

7. Fuel Systems Fuel Contamination Storing aircraft with partially filled fuel tanks. Lack of proper maintenance.

8. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? 2) What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination ? 3) What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? 4) What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? 5) What is the purpose of a loadmeter? Warm-Up – 10/26 – 10 minutes

9. Aircraft Systems Hydraulic Systems A basic hydraulic system consists of a: reservoir pump (either hand, electric, or engine driven), a filter to keep the fluid clean selector valve to control the direction of flow relief valve to relieve excess pressure and an actuator.

10. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? 2) What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination ? 3) What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? 4) What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? 5) What is the purpose of a loadmeter? Warm-Up – 10/26 – 10 minutes

11. Aircraft Systems Electrical Systems A full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator. A full-scale positive deflection indicates a malfunction of the regulator.

12. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What are the two common classifications of fuel systems in small aircraft? 2) What are some causes that may have led to Accidents attributed to fuel contamination ? 3) What are the basic components of a hydraulic system? 4) What gauge displays a full-scale minus deflection indicates a malfunction of the alternator/generator? 5) What is the purpose of a loadmeter? Warm-Up – 10/26 – 10 minutes

13. Aircraft Systems Electrical Systems The loadmeter reflects the total percentage of the load placed on the generating capacity of the electrical system by the electrical accessories and battery.

14. Questions / Comments

15.  October 26  1907 — Henri Farman flies his Voisin Farman I flying machine just under 2,530 feet, breaking the world distance record. THIS DAY IN AVIATION

16.  October 26  1909 — Lt. F.E. Humphreys becomes the first Army officer to solo the first Army airplane. THIS DAY IN AVIATION

17.  October 26  1942 — Battle of Santa Cruz off Guadalcanal between United States and Japanese warships results in the loss of the carrier USS Hornet (CV-8). THIS DAY IN AVIATION

18. Questions / Comments

19. SUNDAYMONDAYTUESDAYWEDNESDAYTHURSDAYFRIDAYSATURDAY 26 Chapter 7 Flight Instruments 27 Chapter 7 Flight Instruments Altimeter 28 Chapter 7 Flight Instruments Vertical Speed Indicator 29 Chapter 7 Flight Instruments Airspeed Indicator 30 Chapter 7 QUIZ 31 12 Chapter 7 Flight Instruments Gyro Systems 3 Chapter 7 Flight Instruments Magnetic Compass 4 Chapter 7 Flight Instruments Review and Test 5 Chapter 8 Flight Manuals 6 Chapter 8 Flight Manuals Review and Test 7 89 Chapter 9 Weight and Balance 10 Chapter 9 Weight and Balance 11 HOLIDAY 12 Chapter 10 Aircraft Performance 13 Chapter 10 Aircraft Performance 14 1516 Chapter 10 Aircraft Performance 17 Chapter 10 Aircraft Performance 18 Chapter 10 Aircraft Performance 19 Chapter 10 Aircraft Performance 20 Chapter 10 Aircraft Performance TEST 21 October / November 2015

20. Questions / Comments

21. 2nd Quarter Requirements (32 Class Meetings – Dec 14) All students will complete the following: Take notes - All in class quizzes and tests Each day is worth 20pts - (4 day week 25pts) Private Pilot Syllabus Lessons 1 – 6 (Taxiing through Air Traffic Control) Must pass written with 80% Successfully complete 3 times on small sim Successfully complete 1 time on Main sim Complete ERAU Aviation 101 3 quizzes and 1 test Student will receive zero points for all incomplete work – NO make-up / extra credit

22. Questions / Comments

23.  4A Pilots (A – 93 & above)  Curly Fry  Joker  Donald Duck  Krutch  Papi  Maverick  Big Daddy  Z  Smalls  Mr. Young  Big Daddy Z  4A Co-Pilots (B – 85 – 92)  TJ  Eagle  Rico High Shooter (98)

24. Chapter 7 – Flight Instruments FAA – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

25.  Mission:  Identify in writing how to interpret and operate flight instruments.  Describe the pilot’s ability to recognize errors and malfunctions with flight instruments.  Describe the pitot-static system and associated instruments.  Describe the vacuum system and related instruments.  Describe the gyroscopic instruments and the magnetic compass.  EQ: Describe the importance of Aeronautical Knowledge for the student pilot learning to fly. Today’s Mission Requirements

26. Flight Instruments In order to safely fly any aircraft, a pilot must understand how to interpret and operate the flight instruments.

27. Flight Instruments The pilot also needs to be able to recognize associated errors and malfunctions of these instruments.

28. Flight Instruments This chapter addresses the pitot-static system and associated instruments, the vacuum system and related instruments, gyroscopic instruments, and the magnetic compass.

29. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments The pitot-static system is a combined system that utilizes the static air pressure, and the dynamic pressure due to the motion of the aircraft through the air.

30. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments These combined pressures are utilized for the operation of the airspeed indicator (ASI), altimeter, and vertical speed indicator (VSI).

31. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines Static pressure, also known as ambient pressure, is always present whether an aircraft is moving or at rest. It is simply the barometric pressure in the local area.

32. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines Dynamic pressure is present only when an aircraft is in motion; therefore, it can be thought of as a pressure due to motion

33. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines The pitot tube has a small opening at the front which allows the total pressure to enter the pressure chamber.

34. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines The total pressure is made up of dynamic pressure plus static pressure.

35. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines Both openings in the pitot tube need to be checked prior to flight to insure that neither is blocked. This helps to keep bugs and other objects from becoming lodged in the opening of the pitot tube.

36. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines The total pressure is transmitted to the Airspeed Indicator from the pitot tube’s pressure chamber via a small tube.

37. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines The static pressure is also delivered to the opposite side of the ASI which serves to cancel out the two static pressures, thereby leaving the dynamic pressure to be indicated on the instrument.

38. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Impact Pressure Chamber and Lines The two remaining instruments (altimeter and VSI) utilize only the static pressure which is derived from the static port.

39. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines The static chamber is vented through small holes to the free undisturbed air on the side(s) of the aircraft.

40. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines An alternate static source is provided in some aircraft to provide static pressure should the primary static source become blocked. The alternate static source is normally found inside of the flight deck.

41. Questions / Comments

42. 2nd Quarter Requirements (32 Class Meetings – Dec 14) All students will complete the following: Take notes - All in class quizzes and tests Each day is worth 20pts - (4 day week 25pts) Private Pilot Syllabus Lessons 1 – 6 (Taxiing through Air Traffic Control) Must pass written with 80% Successfully complete 3 times on small sim Successfully complete 1 time on Main sim Complete ERAU Aviation 101 3 quizzes and 1 test Student will receive zero points for all incomplete work – NO make-up / extra credit

43. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines When the alternate static source pressure is used, the following instrument indications are observed:

44. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines 1. The altimeter indicates a slightly higher altitude than actual. 2. The ASI indicates an airspeed greater than the actual airspeed. 3. The Vertical Speed Indicator shows a momentary climb and then stabilizes if the altitude is held constant.

45. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines In an aircraft not equipped with an alternate static source, an alternate method of introducing static pressure into the system should a blockage occur is to break the glass face of the VSI.

46. Pitot-Static Flight Instruments Static Pressure Chamber and Lines This most likely renders the VSI inoperative. The reason for choosing the VSI as the instrument to break is that it is the least important static source instrument for flight.