1. (B1) What are the advantages and disadvantages of digital TV systems? Hint: Consider factors on noise, data security, VOD etc. 1

2. (B2) What are the principles behind video compression? Hint: Redundancy of correlated information Directional nature of vector space Probablity distribution of data 2

3. (B3) What is meant by orthonormal transform? Hint: N/A 3

4. (B4) Verify the Parseval theorem with a rectangular time window of width ‘T’. The theorem stated that energy is preserved before and after an othonormal transform Hint: Perform Fourier transform on the function and measured its energy change with respect to the time domain 4

5. (B5) Describe what is meant by Decorrelation Efficiency (DE) and Energy Compactness (EC)? 5 (B6) Why does transform provide better DE and DC for certain data set? Hint: Visualize the concept of transform with a vector diagram

6. (B6) What are the advantages and disadvantages of KLT and DCT? Hint: Consider factors such as cost, complexity and performance 6

7. (B7) Outline the JPEG encoding process Hint: List the major steps in JPEG, e.g., DCT, Quantization... etc. Outline the details in each item 7

8. (B8) Explain why AC and DC coefficients are encoded differently in the JPEG system Hint: Whats do the DC coefficients represent in the spatial domain? How do DC coefficients in adjacent blocks relate to each other? 8

9. (B9) How does statistical information utilized in enhancing the compression ratio in JPEG system? Is further improvement possible? Hint: Study Run-Length and Entropy Coding 9

10. (B10) What makes JPEG works? Under what condition(s) will it fails? Hint: Is JPEG a general data compression tool, or is it the nature of real world image that make such a compression scheme applicable. 9

11. (B11) Describe the MPEG coding scheme Hint: MPEG is based on JPEG plus interframe and variable length entropy coding 10

12. (B12) What is the main differences between MPEG-I and MPEG-II 11 (B13) How are motion estimation error compensated in MPEG scheme? (B14) What is meant by Field and Frame Macroblocks?

13. (B15) Describe profiles and layers in MPEG-II standards. 12 (B16) What is the function of video buffer in MPEG schemes (B17) How is error concealed in MPEG decoder

14. (B18) Describe some cases where MPEG encoding scheme do not function well. 13 (B19) Discuss different chrominance subsampling formats. (B20) Explain what is meant by SNR and Spatial Scalability in MPEG2.