1. Standards: G. Plant and Soil Science Pathway G.2.0 G2.2 For the Teacher Students will learn the basics of osmosis and diffusion and understanding how it affects plants under different conditions Students will be able to explain and discuss the different solutions a plant could be exposed to and the result of such solution Prior to starting an experiment on osmosis using gummy bears ask a few critical thinking questions/ check for understanding. Have them write in a blank piece of paper and turn it in to you to see if they truly understand what's been discussed.

2. Going with the Flow: Osmosis Ms. Senff

3. What we will accomplish today… Understand the process of osmosis and diffusion Be able to explain the effect of osmosis in plants with different solutions Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic

4. Osmosis Process in which a solute passes through a semipermeable membrane. Low High H20 Other Molecule

5. A solute is a part of a solution which dissolves. A semipermeable membrane is like a wall on the cell that blocks some molecules and allows others in

6. The solute travels from an area of high concentration to an area with low concentration. This process of moving from high to low concentration is called diffusion

7. Hypotonic State: a state in which there are less solute molecules outside the cell. This causes water to move into the cell and that object will expand

9. Isotonic state: a solution with an equal concentration to another solution.

10. How does this apply to Plants? Plants use osmosis to absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

11. What will happen to a plant in Hypertonic Solution? Discuss with a partner.

12. In a hypertonic solution a plant will shrivel up. Water inside the cells is drawn out Vacuoles and Cytoplasm shrink in size This causes a lack of structure

13. What will happen to a plant in Hypotonic Solution? Discuss with a partner.

14. In a hypotonic solution a plants cells will fill up to maximum capacity. A strong cell wall stops the cells from bursting The plant will become turgid

15. What will happen to a plant in an isotonic solution? Discuss with a partner?

16. In an Isotonic solution the plant will remain in equilibrium. Nothing will happen No movement of water into or out of the cell

17. What happened here? Diffusion in action!

18. Diffusion Fertile eggs are injected at day 19 with pure dye into the opposite end of the air cell. The dye then diffuses into the yolk sac which is absorbed by the chick and becomes systemic. When they hatch…voila…Easter Chicks!! Who needs to dye eggs when you have dyed chicks!

19. Osmosis vs. Diffusion Diffusion = movement of particles from area of high concentration to area of low concentration Example: Tea bag Osmosis = movement of water across semi-permeable membrane from area of high concentration to area of low concentation

20. Effects on Agriculture: Why is this important? The floral industry relies on osmosis to help carry dye up the stems of carnations and roses Growing plants, both ornamental and crops, is a science itself. Making sure that plants are irrigated properly will ensure more product which equals=====$$$$$$$ If the livestock and pet industries do not provide adequate fresh water for animals what happens to the cells? They shrink! This can be detrimental to the livestock industry with regards to “shrinkage” when selling cattle, etc.

21. Checking for Understanding: Via the Gummy Bear Family Momma Bear is in a solution of water Papa Bear is in a solution of Salt Water Baby Bear is in a solution of distilled water We will complete an experiment on osmosis using gummy bears Lets take some time to discuss what we believe would happen to these gummy bears?

22. Gummy bears have a very low concentration of H2O Momma Gummy Bear has been placed in a cup of water What will happen to momma gummy bear and why?

23. Once again gummy bears have a very low concentration of H2O Papa Gummy Bear has been placed in a cup of salt water. Hint: Salt molecules are much smaller then the molecules in the gelatin. Where are the highest concentrations of solute? What will happen to papa gummy bear and why?

24. By now you should know that gummy bears have a very low concentration of H2O Baby Gummy Bear has been placed in a cup of distilled water Distilled water is pure water with no impurities. What will happen to baby gummy bear and why?

27. Types of Cellular Transport Passive Transport Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Need Channel Proteins No ATP Active Transport Needs Carrier Proteins Requires ATP Endocytosis Exocytosis ATP = ENERGY Cells get ATP by breaking down Glucose

28. Passive transport Diffusion: high low no energy Diffusion: The tendency of a substance to move from an area of high conc. to an area of low conc. across a membrane in which the cell expends no energy. (sliding down a slide) Facilitated Diffusion channel proteins requires no energy output Facilitated Diffusion: the process of transporting molecules by channel proteins during diffusion, requires no energy output (someone else carrying you down the slide)

29. Osmosis The diffusion of water through the selectively permeable cell membrane Water movement in and out of a cell

30. Low Concentration High Concentration membrane P P P

32. True or False Passive transport requires energy for molecules to move from high to low concentration.

33. Which of the following is the movement of water particles from high to low concentration? A) Osmosis B) Diffusion C) Facilitated Diffusion D) Active Transport

34. Which of the following moves particles with the help of a protein from high to low? A)Osmosis B)Diffusion C)Facilitated Diffusion D)Active Transport

35. ATP: AdenosineTriPhosphate ATP is the usable form of energy for your cells. ACTIVE TRANSPORT: requires energy ACTIVE TRANSPORT: requires energy (ATP) (ATP)

36. against low high carrier proteins ATP. Transport of molecules against a concentration gradient (from low conc. to high conc.) using carrier proteins in the cell membrane and energy from ATP. (walking up the slide) Active transport

37. Types of Active Transport Exocytosis: (pooping) Exocytosis: The release of materials out of the cell (pooping) Endocytosis (eating) The taking of materials from outside the cell (eating)

38. How Does that Look in a Cell? A: A: Passive Diffusion B:(needs channel protein) B: Facilitated Diffusion (needs channel protein) C: C: Active Transport (needs ATP & carrier protein)

39. Which of the following does NOT use a protein? A)Active Transport B)Endocytosis C)Facilitated Diffusion D)None of these