1. Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit Incontro tecnico su Indicatori e metodologie a supporto della strategia tematica per il suolo: Studi Pilota in Italia. Ispra 21-23 Nov 2006 Upscaling soil information for Italy Luis Rodriguez Lado European Commission, Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit, Ispra, Italy

2. Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit Incontro tecnico su Indicatori e metodologie a supporto della strategia tematica per il suolo: Studi Pilota in Italia. Ispra 21-23 Nov 2006 Soil Thematic Strategy implies an increasing need of accurate soil information for policy and decision making… High amount of information at National and Regional levels that can be used to improve the soil information at European Scale Soil databases are not harmonized Incoherency in soil maps at different scales exists Objective: Development of methods to harmonize the existing soil information at different scales RATIONALE

3. Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit Incontro tecnico su Indicatori e metodologie a supporto della strategia tematica per il suolo: Studi Pilota in Italia. Ispra 21-23 Nov 2006 Mapping soil surface textural classes for Puglia region Starting Dataset: Data from the Interreg II Italia- Albania project 2500 sampling points evenly distributed over the Puglia region Only 458 samples (A horizons) were considered Database include clay, silt and sand percentages and textural class for each soil horizon Interpolation of categorical textural classes is possible But better results can be obtained if… The textural class map is calculated using directly clay silt and sand contents

4. Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit Incontro tecnico su Indicatori e metodologie a supporto della strategia tematica per il suolo: Studi Pilota in Italia. Ispra 21-23 Nov 2006 Continuous soil maps of clay, silt and sand content were calculated by Kriging At 500 & 10.000 meter resolution These 3 maps were tabulated to… Obtain a dataset describing every single pixel with their corresponding clay, silt and sand percentages Mapping soil texture classes for Puglia

5. Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit Incontro tecnico su Indicatori e metodologie a supporto della strategia tematica per il suolo: Studi Pilota in Italia. Ispra 21-23 Nov 2006 Mapping soil texture classes for Puglia A Textural Ternary Diagram was constructed. This diagram was divided according to the textural classes defined on the Manual for Procedures of the JRC and the European Soil Bureau Finally… Every single pixel was automatically allocated in a textural class according to their position on the diagram It allowed the construction of a new categorical soil textural map covering the entire study area

6. Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit Incontro tecnico su Indicatori e metodologie a supporto della strategia tematica per il suolo: Studi Pilota in Italia. Ispra 21-23 Nov 2006 Upscaling soil texture classes for Puglia 500 m10 Km Dominant 10 Km Secondary

7. Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit Incontro tecnico su Indicatori e metodologie a supporto della strategia tematica per il suolo: Studi Pilota in Italia. Ispra 21-23 Nov 2006 Comparison between the 10 Km raster ESDB and the upscaled approach Observed agreement: 0.402ESDB vs 10 Km Kriging Expected agreement: 0.408 Cohen’s Kappa: -0.011 Signification Test Signification Level (alfa):0.05“H0: Agreements are due to chance" -1.961.96 Critical test value-0.2726 Conclusion:The observed agreements are DUE TO CHANCE Which is the best map? Observed agreement: 0.419ESDB vs 10 Km ups from 500m Expected agreement: 0.411 Cohen’s Kappa: 0.013 Signification Test Signification Level (alfa):0.05“H0: Agreements are due to chance" -1.961.96 Critical test value0.372 Conclusion:The observed agreements are DUE TO CHANCE

8. Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit Incontro tecnico su Indicatori e metodologie a supporto della strategia tematica per il suolo: Studi Pilota in Italia. Ispra 21-23 Nov 2006 Validation Observed agreement: 0.40ESDB vs Ecopedologica Expected agreement: 0.373 Cohen’s Kappa: 0.046 Signification Test Signification Level (alfa):0.05“H0: Agreements are due to chance" -1.961.96 Critical test value3.08 Conclusion:The observed agreements are NOT due to chance Observed agreement: 0.48Krig 10Km vs Ecopedologica Expected agreement: 0.42 Cohen’s Kappa: 0.10 Signification Test Signification Level (alfa):0.05“H0: Agreements are due to chance" -1.961.96 Critical test value3.99 Conclusion:The observed agreements are NOT due to chance

9. Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit Incontro tecnico su Indicatori e metodologie a supporto della strategia tematica per il suolo: Studi Pilota in Italia. Ispra 21-23 Nov 2006 Validation Observed agreement : 0.50Upscaled 10 Km from 500m vs Ecopedologica Expected agreement: 0.43 Cohen’s Kappa : 0.123 Signification Test Signification Level (alfa): 0.05" H0: Agreements are due to chance" -1.961.96 Critical test value4.72 Conclusion:The observed agreements are NOT due to chance

10. Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit Incontro tecnico su Indicatori e metodologie a supporto della strategia tematica per il suolo: Studi Pilota in Italia. Ispra 21-23 Nov 2006  It is possible to update the 1:1M ESDB map using soil information from detailed survey (sampling points)  We can create harmonized soil maps coherent at different scale resolutions  The accuracy of any of the kriging maps is significantly higher than the existing information in the 1:1M ESDB.  The upscaled 10Km map, using the dominant condition from the “optimal grain size” of 500m show slightly better results than the other approaches  It is necessary to compile an harmonized database of soil samples to improve the existing digital soil maps in Europe. The creation and implementation of the European Soil Data Center is the key point to produce accurate results in Digital Soil Mapping Conclusions Thank you!