1. Active Transport TB - p 90- 91 WB - p 150-151 Learning intentions:
To define active transport
To identify types of active transport

2. Active Transport ATP is short for Adenosine tri phosphate
Why is it ‘Active’?
Energy (ATP) required
ATP is short for Adenosine tri phosphate
ATP is considered by biologists to be the energy currency of life.
It is the high-energy molecule that stores the energy we need to do just about everything we do.
It is present in the cytoplasm of every cell, and essentially all the physiological mechanisms that require energy to work obtain it directly from the stored ATP.
As food in the cell is used up, the released energy is used to re-form the ATP molecule so that the cell always maintains a supply of this essential molecule

3. Active transport is
The movement of substances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
Ie Against the concentration gradient

5. Three types of Active Transport
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Ion Pumps
Look these terms up in your TB and write down their definitions

6. Endocytosis Movement into the cell (enter)
Cytosis: movement of large molecules through the cell membrane; requires ATP
Endocytosis
Movement into the cell (enter)
Phagocytosis – “cell eating”
A food vacuole is formed
Pinocytosis – “cell drinking”
A Fluid vesicle is formed
E.g. An Amoeba drinking
Animation of endocytosis

7. Exocytosis Vacuole Movement out of the cell (exit)
Cytosis: movement of large molecules through the cell membrane; requires ATP
Exocytosis
Movement out of the cell (exit)
Vesicles bud off from golgi apparatus or ER, vacuole fuses with cell membrane and expels contents
Secretions e.g. digestive enzymes released, glands
Animation of exocytosis
Vacuole

9. Exocytosis Or
Endocytosis?

11. Do WB p151

12. Active Transport (2) TB - p 90- 91 WB - p 150-151 Learning intentions:
To define ion pump transport
To identify types of ion pumps

13. Ion: a charged particle
Ion Pumps (WB150)
Proteins in the cell membrane can actively accumulate specific ions on one side of the membrane to control the amount
Animation of an ion pump
Example 1 –Proton Pump
A protein is pumping
Hydrogen Ions (protons).
It is a proton pump.

14. Active transport model
animation
Example 2 – Sodium Potassium Pump

15. When water is pumped uphill, the energy it creates as it moves freely downhill can be used. The same occurs in cells – Co transport
A molecules is first pumped against its concentration gradient
It then diffuses back
The energy created by its diffusion is used to pump another molecule against its concentration gradient
Example 3 - Cotransport 1. 2 3.

16. Do page 150 in WB