1. Social, Moral and Cultural Needs Triangle Social Moral or Ethical Cultural or Spiritual

3. What do Manufacturers look for when design a product? Manufactures do not just make a product and hope that people will buy it. They design for a target, they have to think about this target groups  specific needs or wants, this might be cultural or religious needs  Think about the moral issues about making the product will this affect the target group  Think about environmental issues making the product These are known as: Social, Moral/Ethical and Environmental issues

4. Social Needs Special diets: Low fat- medics recommend that as a society we reduce the amount of fat eaten in our diet to reduce heart disease and obesity Low sugar- type 2 diabetics or slimmers need to reduce the amount of sugar in their diets High Sugar- type 1 diabetics need to increase the amounts of sugar eaten High starch carbohydrate - sporty people or athletes need to increase the amount of starch carbohydrate eaten Celiac- allergic to gluten in foods Lactose intolerant- allergic to dairy products High Fibre- medics recommend that as a society we increase the amount of fibre we eat in our diet to reduce bowel cancer

5. Social Needs High iron- due to busy lifestyles many modern day people are anemic and need to increase iron intake. Especially those recovering from illness Allergies- many people are born with allergies to certain food stuffs – common allergies are to nuts, eggs etc.. Children- children’s bodies are still growing and developing rapidly. They need a high intake of protein and vitamins and minerals Elderly- the elderly need a high intake of protein and vitamins and minerals to ward off diseases.

6. Cultural or Spiritual Needs Spiritual Needs: Religions: Jewish – do not eat pork Muslim – only eat hallal meat Hindu – do not eat beef Buddhists – are vegan Cultural Needs: Traditions – meals or ingredients for special occasions that have become part of our culture. Eg festival dishes Ingredients in dishes that come from or originate from specific countries in the world spices from India Cooking methods that come from or originate from specific countries in the world eg BBQ

7. Moral or Ethical Needs Moral standards: Vegetarian or vegan - do not believe in causing harm to the animal. Vegetarians avoid meat and fish. Vegans avoid eating animal products Eat a healthy, balanced diet- follow the principles of the eat well diagram Organic- ingredients are grown without the use of pesticides or chemicals. They are produced naturally Fair trade- for ingredients that are produced abroad, farmers are paid a fair wage for their crops as if they were produced in Britain – this helps to reduce poverty

8. Moral or Ethical Needs Only eat British grown- food items have been farmed in Britain therefore reducing the amount of food miles used and the carbon footprint Red tractor endorsed- food items have been farmed in Britain to assured safety standards Ecotarian- only eat foods with the least amount of food miles and carbon footprint, recyclable an sustainable produce What does this symbol mean? What does it tell consumers?

9. Moral or Ethical Needs Free range- eggs or chickens have had a free space in which to live rather than battery farming Non irradiated- the food has not been treated with radiation Poverty- 70% of 3 rd world countries farmed produce is exported to different countries this sustains their economy but keeps them in poverty – we should be eating seasonal produce from our own areas. What does this mean?

10. Sustainability To continue to support the environment by ensuring the production and consuming of food affects the environment as little as possible RECYCLE REUSE REDUCE What can manufacturers do to support this? What can consumers do to support this?

11. GCSE QUESTIONS 1. What is meant by organic foods? (2 marks) 2. Explain why more manufacturers are using organic foods? (2 marks) 3. Sustainability is becoming an important issue for consumers. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using locally sourced, seasonal foods? (8 marks) 4. Explain some of the issues related to air miles? (4 marks) 5. Explain some of the issues related to the packaging of food products? (6 marks)