1. EVITherM EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Task 4.1 : Best Practice Guides  Compile information on measurement methods and laboratories  Direct the Evitherm user quickly to this information A user of Evitherm could find on our website :  Information on measurement techniques of thermophysical properties  Information on method to calibrate his own equipment  a help to choose : - the measurement technique suitable to his problem - a list of laboratories using this relevant technique 1

2. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories 1 Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories 2 Search information on measurement and calibration techniques, laboratories and equipment suppliers Choice of a measurement technique and/or laboratories EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 1 2

3. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories Physical properties Thermal diffusivity EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Specific heat Thermal conductivity E missivity 1 Information on measurement and calibration techniques, laboratories and equipment suppliers … Thermal expansion 3

4. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories Measurement techniques Guarded hot plate EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Hot wire method Flash method Axial heat flow method Heat flow meter Radial flow methodComparative method … (P) (S) (P) P : Primary or absolute method / S : Secondary method 1 Information on measurement and calibration techniques, laboratories and equipment suppliers 4

5. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories Flash method EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Laboratories Calibration Measurement Apparatus suppliers 1 Information on measurement and calibration techniques, laboratories and equipment suppliers 5

6. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories Flash method – Measurement / Calibration - Principle of measurement (short description) - Advantages / Disadvantages - Range of applicability EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Guides Standards Databases 1 Information on measurement and calibration techniques, laboratories and equipment suppliers 6

7. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories Laboratories and measurement providers using the flash method Name Contact Website Country LNE Bruno Hay www.lne.fr France PTB IKE NPL … EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 1 2 3 4 5 1 Information on measurement and calibration techniques, laboratories and equipment suppliers 7

8. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Technique Temperature Range Further information Laser flash technique 20 °C - 1500 °C Uncertainty :  3 % to  5 % Atmosphere : vacuum, inert gas Cylindrical specimens Diameter : 10 mm Thickness : from 1 to 4 mm LABORATOIRE NATIONAL D’ESSAIS Adress Contact Qualification 29, avenue Roger Hennequin Bruno HAY C OFRAC 78197 Trappes Cedex bruno.hay@lne.fr NMI France Tel: 33 1 30 69 12 20 Fax: 33 1 30 69 12 34 1 Information on measurement and calibration techniques, laboratories and equipment suppliers 8

9. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories Flash method - Suppliers of apparatus Name Website Country Netzsch Gerätebau GmbH www.ngb.netzsch.com Germany … EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 1 2 3 4 1 Information on measurement and calibration techniques, laboratories and equipment suppliers 9

10. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Netzsch Gerätebau GmbH Adress NETZSCH Ger ä tebau GmbH Tel +49 9287/881-0 Wittelsbacherstra ß e 42 Fax +49 9287/881-144 D-95100 Selb/Bayern E-mail: at@ngb.netzsch.com 1 Information on measurement and calibration techniques, laboratories and equipment suppliers 10

11. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories 2 Choice of a measurement technique and/or laboratories EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Physical properties Thermal diffusivity Specific heat Thermal conductivity E missivity … Thermal expansion 11

12. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories 2 Choice of a measurement technique and/or laboratories Type of material Insulating material EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Ceramics / Glasses Polymers Metals / Alloys …… 12

13. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories 2 Choice of a measurement technique and/or laboratories Characteristics of the material EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Liquid State Composite Homogeneity PorousWith coating Semi-transparent Transparency OpaqueSolidHomogeneous Thin film Further characteristics Moisture … Powder 13

14. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories 2 Choice of a measurement technique and/or laboratories Temperature range Below RT EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 500 °C - 1500 °CAbove 1500 °C 500 °C - 1500 °CBelow RT Minimum Maximum Uncertainty < 2%< 10 %< 15 %< 5% RT - 500 °C 14

15. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 2 Choice of a measurement technique and/or laboratories Summary of the requirements Physical property Material State Thermal conductivity Metals / Alloys Solid, homogeneous, opaque Temperature range Uncertainty RT to 1500 °C < 5 % M 1 2 3 Results of the request Technique Sample Geometry Laser Flash Technique C ylindrical specimens - Flat and parallel faces Diameter 5 mm to 20 mm - Thickness : 1 mm to 5 mm Hot Wire Technique Pair of square specimens with grooves - Flat and parallel faces L: 100 mm to 250 mm - W : 30 mm to 100 mm - T : 20 mm to 50 mm Guarded Hot Plate Pair of cylindrical or square specimens - Flat and parallel faces Diameter or square 100 mm to 500 mm - Thickness : 20 mm to 50 mm 15

16. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories 2 Choice of a measurement technique and/or laboratories Geographical situation EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 All countries Austria England France Germany … Italy France Qualification All laboratories Certified labs. NMI’s Qualified labs. 16

17. Scheme for guiding Evitherm user to measurement method or laboratories EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Technique Temperature Range Further information Laser flash technique 20 °C - 1500 °C Uncertainty :  3 % to  5 % Atmosphere : vacuum, inert gas Cylindrical specimens Diameter : 10 mm Thickness : from 1 to 4 mm LABORATOIRE NATIONAL D’ESSAIS Adress Contact Qualification 29, avenue Roger Hennequin Bruno HAY COFRAC 78197 Trappes Cedex bruno.hay@lne.fr NMI France Tel: 33 1 30 69 12 20 Fax: 33 1 30 69 12 34 2 Choice of a measurement technique and/or laboratories 17

18. Selection of measurement methods To propose to a Evitherm user the measurement method suitable to his requirements, we should : - Fix selection criteria (sample geometry, temperature range, material …) - Quantify these criteria for each measurement methods - Define a method allowing to find the suitable method from the criteria EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 18

19. Selection of measurement methods EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Table 1 Thermal Conductivity – Measurement Methods Measurement Method Main type of materials Temperature range Sample geometry Measurement range LaboratoriesAtm. Flash method [20 - 2000°C] Cylindrical sample diameter : 5 to 20 mm thickness : 1 to 5 mm [1-500 W/mK] Inert gas vacuum air ARCS, LNE NPL… Opaque Homogeneous Guarded hot plate Opaque Semi-transp. Homogeneous Composites [20 - 500 °C] 2 cylindrical or square samples flat and parallel faces diameter : 100 to 500 mm Thickness : 20 mm to 50 mm < 1 W/mK air IKE, LNE NPL, PTB… Hot wire method Refractory materials including powder [20 - 1500 °C] 2 square samples with grooves flat and parallel faces Length : 100 mm to 250 mm Width : 30 mm to 100 mm Thickness : 20 mm to 50 mm < 5 W/mK air IKE, NPL PTB… Temperature Wave method Opaque Homogeneous [20 - 2000 °C] Cylindrical sample Diameter : 5 mm to 10 mm Thickness : 1 mm to 5 mm [1-500 W/mK] Inert gas vacuum air IKE Four Probe Technique Electric Conducting materials [50 - 1200 °C] Cylindrical sample Diameter : 5.5 mm, Length : 90 mm [1-500 W/mK]IKE 19

20. Selection of measurement methods EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 Table 2 Thermal Conductivity – Laboratories Labs Measurement Methods Temp. Range (°C) Sample geometry Country LNE Cylindrical sample diameter : 10 mm thickness : 1 to 5 mm Guarded hot plate Solid materials (alloys, ceramics polymers) 20 Pair of square samples flat and parallel faces square : 500 mm Thickness : 20 to 50 mm Laser flash method Main type of materials Solid materials (thermal insulation products) minmax 1500 -10 60 Uncert. of measur.  5 % to  6 %  0.5 %  to  1 % France Qualif. COFRAC NMI 20

21. Selection of measurement methods EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 1 - Evitherm user expresses his requirements 2 - Coherences between the requirements and the characteristics of each method are checked 3 - The most relevant methods are proposed 21

22. Selection of measurement methods EVITherM Bruno HAY 16/09/2003 User requirements State of material Flash method Guarded hot plate Hot wire method SolidHomog.Opaque Temperature 1500 °C1-5 W/mK Total 111115 101103 101114 22