1. THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Its Parts and Functions

2. pp. 604-605 1.Write heading ENDOCRINE SYSTEM at top of page. 2.Define: Endocrine system Endocrinology Endocrine gland Hormone Target cells * Skip 2 lines between each definition. Highlight each term.

3. Nervous System - body control NERVE IMPULSES Endocrine System - body regulator HORMONES

4. What is a GLAND? It is an organ that develops a secretion which performs specific functions.

5. The Endocrine System Is made up of ductless glands. “Ductless” means without tubes

6. HORMONES -Comes from the Greek word which means “to arouse” -Are chemical messengers formed from substances taken from the blood. -They circulate throughout the body & exert specific effects on tissues, organs or other glands located some distance away from the cells that secrete them.

7. Our body needs a certain hormone at one time, but not at all times. (ex. Fireman’s adrenaline rush) Your endocrine glands does not release hormones continuously. There are signals within the body that tell each gland to secrete hormones. There are also some signals that tell the gland to stop.

8. PINEAL POSTERIOR PITUITARY ANTERIOR PITUITARY THYROID THYMUS ADRENALS PANCREAS OVARIES TESTIS (es)

9. Crash Course http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVrl HH14q3ohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVrl HH14q3o

10. Pituitary Gland LOCATION: found at the base of the brain DESCRIPTION: called the “master gland” because it controls most of the other endocrine glands.

11. The pituitary gland has two lobes: The Anterior and Posterior

12. Hormones Secreted by the Posterior Pituitary HORMONETARGET TISSUES Destination FUNCTION Action 1.Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Kidney Increases water reabsorption 2. Oxytocin-Uterus -Mammary Gland -Stimulates labor ­-Initiates milk ejection

13. Hormones Released by the Anterior Pituitary HORMONETARGET TISSUESFUNCTION 1. Growth Hormone (GH) Most tissues Stimulates body growth 2. Thyroid- Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Thyroid Gland Stimulates release of T 3 and T 4 3. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) Adernal Cortex Stimulates secretion of hormones from cortex 4. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Ovaries/Testis FEMALE -Promotes ovulation & hormone production MALE – Sperm production 5. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Follicles in ovary Seminiferous Tubules in Testis FEMALE – egg production MALE - sperm production 6. Prolactin (PRL) Ovary & Mammary Gland in females, testis in males Promotes lactation (low levels in males; high levels affect testosteron levels) Acromegaly Occurs in adults Bones of hands face and feet are enlarged Do to the release of growth hormone. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6bsunrzldw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4dode8lfDsk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X9kbPjOJLMo

14. Thyroid Gland LOCATION: at the base of the neck (just below the larynx DESCRIPTION: soft, brownish- red organ shaped like a butterfly.

15. HormoneDestinationAction T 3 Triiodothyronine Most tissuesEmbryonic development; body temperature, growth, heartrate T 4 Thyroxine Most tissuesIncreases metabolism, blood pressure; regulates tissue growth Calcitonin Primarily boneBone growth

16. Goiter Not enough iodine in the diet (iodine defiance) Causes swelling of the thyroid gland

17. Goiter

21. Parathyroid Gland LOCATION: attached to the back of the thyroid gland DESCRIPTION: 2 pairs of pea- sized glands

22. Parathyroid HormoneDestinationAction Parathyroid Hormone ( Parathormone) Bone & kidney Increases blood calcium levels

23. Adrenal Glands LOCATION: found above the kidneys DESCRIPTION: cone-shaped glands

24. HormomeDestinationAction MEDULLA Epinephrine (aka: adrenaline, the “emergency hormone”) Skeletal muscle Heart Blood vessels Bronchioles Short-term stress response; increased BSL, vasoconstriction, increases heart rate, blood diversion Norepinephrine

25. HormomeDestinationAction CORTEX Glucocorticoids (Cortisol) Mineralocorticoids Skeletal muscle Heart Blood vessels Kidneys Long-term stress response; increased BSL, immune suppression

26. Testes LOCATION: near the penis DESCRIPTION: pair of glands that functions to produce sperm cells.

27. TESTES HormomeDestinationAction Testosterone Many male tissues & organs Secondary Sexual characteristics Body/Facial hair Muscle mass Voice Etc… TestesSperm production

28. Ovaries LOCATION: located on one side of the uterus DESCRIPTION: pair of glands that functions to produce egg cells/ova.

29. OVARIES HormomeDestinationAction Estrogen Many female tissues & organ 1. Secondary Sexual characteristics: Breasts Widened hips Armpit/pubic hair 2. Menstrual cycle Progesterone UterusMenstrual cycle & pregnancy

30. Pineal Gland LOCATION: found near the base of the brain DESCRIPTION: outgrowth of the brain

31. HORMONEDESTINATIONACTION Melatonin Brain (hypothalamus) and many tissues / organs Regulates the “biological clock”, day/night cycle

32. Thymus Gland LOCATION: located in the upper part of the chest, below the neck DESCRIPTION: consists of 2 lobes

33. HormoneDestinationAction Thymosin Immune tissues Promotes immune system development & function; Development of T lymphocytes

34. Pancreas LOCATION: lies behind the stomach DESCRIPTION: elongated & tapers at one end

35. HormoneDestinationAction InsulinLiver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue Lowers blood sugar level glucagonLiverRaises blood sugar level

36. Diabetes Undersecretion of insulin. High blood sugar

37. Diagram Your diagram should already be colored & labeled and in notebook! Next to each gland, use a RED pen to identify the hormone(s) released

38. A Body Story: TEEN DREAMS Follow the flow of hormones from pituitary glands on through the bloodstream of two young teens as the dramatic effects of puberty unfold. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DGVP QF03tfI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DGVP QF03tfI

39. Notebook Assignment Research ONE endocrine disorder. Identify: N AME of disorder G LAND affected D ESCRIPTION And Paste a PICTURE into notebook