1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

2. * Warm up– Map * Notes/Discussion over Napoleon * 19 th Century Vocabulary * HW: Study Vocabulary and notes. * Students will be able to : * Identify Nationalism ideas and the conflicts it lead to * Identify major events surrounding the rise and decline of Napoleon Bonaparte * Predict and speculate about the long term effects of Napoleon on France

3. And the French Empire…

4. * Born in Corsica * 1785 Became Lt. in the artillery * When the Revolution started- he joined the new government

5. * When royalists rebelled attacked the National Assembly, he defended delegates with a canon * Hailed as the savior of the French Republic * 1796 Appointed to lead the army against Austria

6. * By 1799 the Directory had lost control – only the army kept them in power * Napoleon and his wife Josephine start meeting with influential people to seize power * Nov. 9, 1799: Napoleon was put in charge of the military * Nov. 10, 1799: His troops drove out members of the National legislature * Legislature dissolved the Directory and put 3 consuls in charge

7. * France was still at war * Britain, Austria, and Russia tried to drive Napoleon from power, but signed a treaty with him * 1800 plebiscite (vote of the people) occurred to vote on new constitution * Passed giving most of the power to the first consul - Napoleon

8. * Promoted order and stability * Supported laws and the goals of the Revolution 1. Economically: set up a tax system and established a national bank 2. Politically: dismissed corrupt officials and set up lycees (public schools) to staff offices with qualified people (merit-based) 3. Religiously: Signed a concordat (agreement with the Pope) acknowledging the importance of the Catholic Church as long as the Church did not interfere in political affairs 4. Legally: Established Napoleonic Code (comprehensive set of laws) which limited liberty and promoted order and authority over individual rights (women lost rights, freedom of speech and press are restricted, reinstated slavery in the Caribbean)

9. * Decided to make himself emperor- VOTERS SUPPORTED Dec. 2, 1804 crowned himself Emperor

10. * Wanted to control Europe as well as the New World * Had territories in Louisiana, Florida, French Guiana, French West Indies, and Saint Domingue * There was a slave rebellion in Saint Domingue led by Toussaint L’Ouverture – Soured Napoleon on the New World as a whole * Decided to sell Louisiana to the Americans for $15 million and cut losses in the New World

11. * Annexed Austrian Netherlands and part of Italy * Puppet government in Switzerland * Britain, Russia and Austria form a coalition to stop him * Austria, Prussia, and Russia form peace treaties * British navy defeats Napoleon at the Battle of Trafalgar * Established supremacy of the British navy * Napoleon gives up on conquering Britain

12. * Had mastered most of Europe * Majority of Europe was either in his control, puppet gov’t, or stuck in alliances except for Britain, the Ottoman Empire, Portugal, and Sweden * Led to more nationalism * French Empire will collapse in 5 years

14. 1. Continental System- orders a blockade of Britain to make continental Europe more self- sufficient and to crush Britain’s economy. Was not tight enough. Britain started their own blockade which was much more successful. Hurt Napoleon more because it weakened the Empire’s economy

15. 2. Peninsular War- attempted to invade Portugal through Spain. Spain rioted. He deposed Spanish king and put brother on throne. Guerillas began to attack French army. Britain joined. Lost 300,000 men. Nationalism in Spain increased.

16. 3. Invasion of Russia (June 1812)- Invaded because Czar would not stop trade with Britain. Russians scorched-earth policy left his men starving and freezing by the winter.

17. * Enemies started to take advantage of weakened state * Napoleon was banished to Elba (a small island) * Louis XVIII (brother of Louis XVI) takes the throne – quickly became unpopular * Napoleon escaped from Elba and lands in France March1, 1815

18. * Many welcomed him back, Louis XVIII fled and he reclaimed his emperorship * British army prepared and met him at Battle of Waterloo * Prussia joined in and they defeated him (Hundred Days) * Napoleon exiled to St. Helena (small island) where he lived in exile for 6 years until his death