2. Without Coral Reef Monitoring Managers are effectively in the dark

3. Uses, Users – Trends & Attitudes Who & how they use (interact) with the resources Economic dependence on reefs Special focus on fishing – catches, markets etc. Attitudes to problems & management Tourism operators special case Likewise tourists need assessing

4. Asses Large-Scale Disturbances Storms, coral bleaching, COTS, disease etc. Based on methods for general monitoring – but assess specific indicators (bleached, broken corals) Special methods developed in Caribbean AGRRA Need baselines / undamaged areas for comparisons This is the basis for assessing resilience & resistance

5. Assess Human Impacts Main targets are fishing, water quality, coastal development, tourism (development & activities) Assess & Map Resources Modify standard methods or insert special measures Can be short-term & should have BACI plan if possible

6. Performance Evaluation & Adaptive Management A major value of monitoring – is it working! Use basic methods around specific questions & activities The data are key to Adaptive Management

7. Education & Awareness Raising May be least appreciated cf data gathering Need to involve communities, fishers, local government people & MPA staff Tourists & operators special group

8. Building in Resilience in MPAs Need monitoring to see trends, find the sites Status & Trends in Resources Uses & Users – Trends & Attitudes Asses Large-Scale Disturbances Assess human Impacts Performance Evaluation & Adaptive Management Education & Awareness Raising Regional & Global Networks

9. Monitoring Tasks on Coral Reefs Assess & Map Resources Status & Trends in Resources Uses & Users – Trends & Attitudes Asses Large-Scale Disturbances Assess human Impacts Performance Evaluation & Adaptive Management Education & Awareness Raising Building in Resilience in MPAs Regional & Global Networks