2. Notecard 1: Diction = the author’s choice of words Notecard 2: Syntax = How those words are arranged

3. Typical order of a sentence Subject + Verb + Object = Sentence Now and here they stand smiling, beyond all realms of where and when. Word order may be modified in order to create meaning, produce rhythm, emphasize, make connections smiling stand (all realms of where and when beyond) now and here e.e. cummings

4. When nine hundred years old you reach, look as good you will not. Who speaks this way? Why? What impact does the syntax have?

5. Shakespeare “In simple and pure soul I come to you” (“Othello” Act I, Scene I) VS I come to you in pure and simple soul Hemingway In those days there was no money to buy books. I borrowed books from the rental library of Shakespeare and Company, which was the library and bookstore of Sylvia Beach at 12 rue de l’Odéon. On a cold windswept street, this was a warm, cheerful place with a big stove in winter, tables and shelves of books, new books in the window, and photographs on the wall of famous writers both dead and living. The photographs all looked like snapshots and even the dead writers looked as though they had really been alive. Sylvia had a lively, sharply sculptured face, brown eyes that were as alive as a small animal’s and as gay as a young girl’s, and wavy brown hair that was brushed back from her fine forehead and cut thick below her ears and at the line of the collar of the brown velvet jacket she wore. She had pretty legs and she was kind, cheerful and interested, and loved to make jokes and gossip. No one that I ever knew was nicer to me. Hemingway takes time and great care to describe Sylvia, showing the emotion and feeling he attaches to her.

6. Types: Formal “We will confront weapons of mass destruction, so that a new century is spared new horrors.” George W. Bush 2001 inaugural address Colloquial We will deal with WMDs so that no one else has to go through what the last generation did. Slang We’re gonna brawl with anyone who has nukes.

7. Formal vs. informal Ye vs. you Adieu vs. goodbye Repeated text “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times…” Mood “During the whole of a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country…”