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IN CANCER MOLECULAR DETECTION. WHAT DO THEY DETECT? Specific proteins Expression of certain genes Mutations Epigenetic Changes.

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Presentation on theme: "IN CANCER MOLECULAR DETECTION. WHAT DO THEY DETECT? Specific proteins Expression of certain genes Mutations Epigenetic Changes."— Presentation transcript:

1 IN CANCER MOLECULAR DETECTION

2 WHAT DO THEY DETECT? Specific proteins Expression of certain genes Mutations Epigenetic Changes

3 SPECIFIC PROTEINS Wide range of proteins that can be detected Wide variety of tests that can be done Absence or Presence of proteins: Biuret Test http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S3cy83X8s9k Detect levels of proteins: immunoturbidimetry [1]

4 EXPRESSION OF GENES Determine which genes are expressed from RNA in the cells RNA is purified Converted to DNA Fluorescent! The more RNA, the brighter the sample. [2]

5 MUTATIONS Detect mutations in proteins Similar in technique to the detection of expression of genes [3]

6 EPIGENETIC CHANGES Determining epigenetic changes: DNA methyltransferase activity Density of chromatin Histones Promoter methylation [3]

7 WHY? Many molecules are up regulated in cancer cells or only appear in cancer cells Eg. Mutant proteins, such as Ras Eg. Growth receptor proteins Some genes are methylated in cancer Tumor suppressor genes Many things are mutated to give cancer cells an edge Eg. Protein p53

8 MOLECULAR SPIES http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yG1J5e6-uT4

9 REFERENCES http://www.cancerquest.org/molecular-cancer- detection.html http://www.cancerquest.org/molecular-cancer- detection.html http://www.clinchem.org/content/50/11/2179.full.pdf+ht ml http://www.clinchem.org/content/50/11/2179.full.pdf+ht ml http://www.randox.com/specific-proteins.php http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biuret_test [1] http://www.randox.com/brochures/PDF%20Brochure/LT1 13.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biuret_test http://www.randox.com/brochures/PDF%20Brochure/LT1 13.pdf http://www.randox.com/brochures/PDF%20Brochure/LT1 37.pdf http://www.randox.com/brochures/PDF%20Brochure/LT1 37.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_microarray [2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_microarray [2 http://www.cmaj.ca/content/167/3/275.full [3] http://www.cmaj.ca/content/167/3/275.full [3 http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/nucleus/chromatin.ht ml [4] http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/nucleus/chromatin.ht ml

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