1. Chapter 7 Section 5

2. Europe in 1812

3. The Congress of Vienna (September 1, 1814 – June 9, 1815)

4. I. Quadruple Alliance A. Prussia, Austria, Russia, and England B. Purpose 1. To make sure no one country takes over Europe again 2. Create a bufferzone to prevent any possible future French expansion C. Since Russia had grown during Napoleonic Wars (Finland and parts of Poland), Prussia was given more land I. Quadruple Alliance A. Prussia, Austria, Russia, and England B. Purpose 1. To make sure no one country takes over Europe again 2. Create a bufferzone to prevent any possible future French expansion C. Since Russia had grown during Napoleonic Wars (Finland and parts of Poland), Prussia was given more land

5. II. Treaty of Paris A. It’s job was to undo everything that Napoleon had done: 1. Reduce France to its old boundaries  her frontiers were pushed back to 1790 level. 2. Restore as many of the old monarchies as possible that had lost their thrones during the Napoleonic era. B. Supported the resolution: There is always an alternative to conflict. A. It’s job was to undo everything that Napoleon had done: 1. Reduce France to its old boundaries  her frontiers were pushed back to 1790 level. 2. Restore as many of the old monarchies as possible that had lost their thrones during the Napoleonic era. B. Supported the resolution: There is always an alternative to conflict.

6. Key Players at Vienna The “Host” Prince Klemens von Metternich (Aus.) Foreign Minister, Viscount Castlereagh (Br.) Tsar Alexander I (Rus.) King Frederick William III (Prus.) Foreign Minister, Charles Maurice de Tallyrand (Fr.)

7. III. Key Principles Established at Vienna A.Balance of Power 1. No one dominant power 2. There will be a long period of peace B.Legitimacy 1. All former monarchs get their throne back C. Compensation 1. France pays reparations (Payment for damages) A.Balance of Power 1. No one dominant power 2. There will be a long period of peace B.Legitimacy 1. All former monarchs get their throne back C. Compensation 1. France pays reparations (Payment for damages) 2. Coalition forces would occupy France for 3-5 years.

8. A. France was deprived of all territory conquered by Napoléon. B. Russia was given most of Duchy of Warsaw (Poland). C. Prussia was given half of Saxony, parts of Poland, and other German territories. D. A Germanic Confederation of 30+ states (including Prussia) was created under Austrian and Prussian rule. E. Austria was given back territory it had lost recently, plus more in Germany and Italy. IV. Changes Made at Vienna (1)

9. The Germanic Confederation, 1815

10. Changes Made at Vienna (2) F. The neutrality of Switzerland was guaranteed. G. Sardinia was given Piedmont, Nice, Savoy, and Genoa. H. The slave trade was condemned (at British urging). I. Freedom of navigation was guaranteed for many rivers.

11. Europe After the Congress of Vienna