Download presentation
1
Turtle Dissection
3
TURTLE ANIMALIA CHORDATA VERTEBRATA “backbone”
LATIN meaning KINGDOM _____________ PHYLUM ____________________________ SUBPHYLUM ___________________________ CLASS _______________________________ ORDER _____________________________ ANIMALIA CHORDATA VERTEBRATA “backbone” REPTILIA “to creep or crawl” CHELONIA “tortoise”
4
INTEGUMENT THICK, DRY, SCALY SKIN Contains KERATIN (protein)
LIPIDS & PROTEINS make it water tight
5
ADVANTAGES over thin, moist Amphibian skin
WATER TIGHT - Keeps them from drying out on land TOUGH PROTECTION – - prevents injury, keeps out germs, - prevents wear & tear on skin when crawling around on land
6
Image from:
7
SHELL IS LIVING PART OF BODY
Expanded ribs form shell Can regenerate damaged scutes Growth rings tell age
8
Nictitating membrane Tympanic membrane External nares Only reptiles with NO TEETH
9
Claws on feet
10
WHAT SEX IS IT? FEMALES: MALES: Short tail Longer tail Vent closer Vent farther from body
11
CURVE OF PLASTRON MALE PLASTRON slightly CONCAVE to fit on top of female FEMALE PLASTRON slightly CONVEX to make more room for eggs
12
VENT
13
CLOACA
14
CLOACA Cloaca is the collecting chamber Liquid Excretory (urine)
Digestive Waste (feces) Reproductive Vent is the exit hole
15
ECTOTHERMIC ADVANTAGES:
Slow metabolism means you can survive on 1/10 the food as a same size endotherm DISADVANTAGES: Can’t live in extremely cold places (NO reptiles in Arctic) Can’t keep up max activity level for long
16
Ectothermic Body heat comes from surrounding environment
Slow metabolism/low activity in cold places “cold-blooded” EX: All invertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles
17
Endothermic “warm-blooded”
Create own body heat FAST metabolism allows for: high activity for extended time ability to live in variety of environments EX: Birds, Mammals
18
TURTLE HEART 3 CHAMBERS 2 atria; 1 ventricle Sinus Venosus &
Conus Arteriosus are smaller Image from: BIODIDAC PARTIAL SEPTUM: begins to divide ventricle into two sides
19
FROG/TURTLE CIRCULATION
Sinus venosus Body organs RIGHTAtrium LEFT Atrium Lungs Conus arteriosus Ventricle FROG/TURTLE CIRCULATION
20
REPRODUCTIVE MALE FEMALE Vent Vent
Images modified from: REPRODUCTIVE Vent Vent MALE FEMALE
21
OVARY- make eggs OVIDUCT- add shells transport to cloaca
22
EPIDIDYMIS –sperm mature here; add tails
TESTES – make sperm Image from: BIODIDAC
23
INTERNAL FERTILIZATION
Penis deposits sperm inside female’s body Increases chances of sperm and egg meeting Image from:
24
DIRECT DEVELOPMENT Image from:
25
SEX is determined by TEMPERATURE of NEST
Image from:
26
GLOTTIS – respiratory opening
28
TRACHEA & ESOPHAGUS
29
BRONCHI
30
LUNGS HAVE ALVEOLI FROG LUNG TURTLE LUNG
Increase surface area for more gas exchange Images modified from:
31
EXCRETORY URINARY BLADDER Secretes uric acid as nitrogen waste.
32
PHARYNX GULLET GLOTTIS INTERNAL NARES
33
Vent Image from:
34
LIVER Makes BILE Stores GLYCOGEN Stores VITAMINS Processes TOXINS
including nitrogen waste for kidneys
35
Image from:
36
GALL BLADDER Stores BILE
37
STOMACH Add ACID; Start DIGESTION; Grind & mash food
38
MESENTERY
39
PANCREAS In mesentery near first loop of small intestine
Makes TRYPSIN, INSULIN, GLUCAGON
40
SMALL INTESTINE Duodenum Ileum LARGE INTESTINE (Also called COLON)
41
CLOACA
42
SPLEEN Make, store, recycle RBC’s
43
ENDOCRINE Glands that make hormones that control other body organs
PANCREAS controls blood sugar levels THYROID: located above heart Makes hormones that control heart rate, blood pressure; cell development and growth
44
Types of Reproduction
45
Ways offspring enter world
OVIPARITY- Reproductive tract encloses egg in a protective shell Eggs deposited outside body to hatch Nourishment comes from egg EX: Most reptiles,birds & a few mammals (monotremes)
46
Ways offspring enter world
VIVIPARITY- No shell around egg Eggs retained in body Nourished by mother through placenta Offspring are born alive Ex: Mammals & some reptiles
47
Ways offspring enter world
OVOVIVIPARITY- Egg surrounded by protective shell but kept in body until just before hatching or can hatch inside female Nourishment comes from egg not mother Ex: Some reptiles (snakes)
48
SHELL NO SHELL SHELL OUTSIDE INSIDE INSIDE EGG EGG MOTHER Mammals,
OVI PARITY OVOVIVI VIVI SHELL? NO SHELL? Embryo grows? Food comes From? Seen in? SHELL NO SHELL SHELL OUTSIDE INSIDE INSIDE SHELL EGG EGG MOTHER Birds, Reptiles, Few mammals Mammals, few reptiles Reptiles
49
AMNIOTIC EGG
50
NERVOUS COMPLEX BRAIN DORSAL SPINAL CORD (Spine is fused to shell)
52
TURTLE BRAIN BIGGER CEREBRUM than same sized amphibian
Image modified from:
53
WHAT’S IN REPTILES? Internal fertilization- (Penis)
increases chances of sperm finding egg allows addition of protective shell Amniotic eggs- can lay eggs on land now; better protection for embryos Partial septum- better separation on high/low oxygen blood
54
WHAT’S IN REPTILES? Other kinds of reproduction- (OVOVIVIPARITY; VIVIPARITY) increases chances for offspring survival Control over Pulmonary circulation can shift blood away from lungs to body when needed Dry, scaly skin better able to live on land
55
WHAT’S IN REPTILES? Nitrogen waste = uric acid AMMONIA UREA URIC ACID
Least toxic form; Needs least water to dilute conserves water Bigger cerebrum- “smarter”; more complex behaviors
56
WHAT’S IN REPTILES? LUNGS have ALVEOLI increases surface area for more
gas exchange Sex depends on temperature of eggs- can change sex based on population needs
Similar presentations
© 2024 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.