1. by: Chantal Daigle & Karina Moore
KETONES
by:
Chantal Daigle & Karina Moore

2. What is a ketone?
Ketones are organic compounds with a carbonyl group attached in the form of:
The carbonyl group is
at an intermediate position.
If both groups attached to the
carbonyl group are carbon chains, then the compound is a ketone.

3. Naming Process There are only a few steps in naming a ketone.
Change the ‘-e’ at the end of the parent chain to an ‘-one’
The location of the carbonyl group is indicated by selecting a numbering order that gives it the lowest possible number.
EX:
2-pentanone
CH3CH2CH2COCH3

4. Reaction Properties
The most common reaction for ketones are nucleophilic addition reactions which is the addition of a nucleophilic and a hydrogen across the carbon-oxygen double bond.
With cyanide, nucleophilic addition occur to give a hydroxynitrile:
RR'C=O + CN- + H+ → RR'COHCN
e.x
propanone→ 2-hydroxymethylpropanonitrile

5. Acetone Simplest ketone Volatile liquid Highly flammable
Boiling point: °C
Melting point: °C

6. Every Day Uses!
Propanone (acetone) is the most common ketone, it is found in nail polish removers and varnishes
Carvone - spearmint flavou
2-Butanone - paint stripper and solvent

7. Fructose is a ketone because its carbonyl group is bonded to two carbons not a carbon and a hydrogen, it is a sugar found in many fruits.