1. California - Gold Oregon - Farms Great Salt Lake - Mormons The Plains - Plains Indians first, then Homestea- ders Texas and Plains - Cattlemen and Cowboys

2. Watch the following clip What were the key features of a cowboy’s lifestyle? Difficult? Dangerous? Boring? What was the Long Drive? What was the Open Range?

3. Your Task Create a revision mindmap for Cowboys and Cattlemen. You should include: 1) Who became cowboys 2) Why they went West 3) Where they settled 4) Relationship with other settlers and Indians 5) Problems they faced 6) How they overcame the problems 7) Significant Factors that helped the Cattle Industry rise and fall

4. Why did the Cattle Trade rise and fall? Who were the cowboys and what was their lifestyle? (difficult? Dangerous? Why was there a ‘beef bonanza?’ (cattle on Plains, key individuals, demand for beef in East, railroad) What was the Open Range and why did it end? (Railroad, overstocking, harsh winter 1886 – 7,new technology – barbed wire and windpump)

5. Key factors in the development of cattle ranching. The demand for beef in the populous eastern states Key individuals -Joseph McCoy -Charles Goodnight and Oliver Loving -John Iliff The Cowboys The railroad

7. From 1866 to the mid 1870s, the cowboys had to drive the cattle from Texas to the cow towns.

10. The question you have to ask is was it actually a war? Johnson County is in Wyoming, in the High Plains. Cattlemen had established ranches there during the 1870s. Homesteaders began to move in during the 1880s. The fight for land was on.The cattle barons had a lot of power particularly when one of their supporters became the State Governor in 1890. The cattle barons were loosing stock to rustlers. They believed that the Homesteaders were the rustlers. The barons brought in a vigilante army to deal with the rustlers. The farmers found out and planned their own attack. The US Cavalry was brought in to end an almost bloodless war. Barons were never allowed the same amount of power again.

11. Which factor was most significant in ending the Open Range? Compare this reason to other reasons!