1. DO NOW ► Identify Joseph McCarthy ► Identify the Hollywood ten ► Why did the Red Scare threaten the civil rights of American citizens? ► How can the Red Scare undermine American Democracy?

2. Cold War Domestic Issues

3. Domestic Issues-Cold War ► CAPTAIN AMERICA—“commie smasher” ► Massive anti-communist sentiment/fear existed in 1950’s America—massive fear of traitors/disloyalty

4. Red Scare ► War Department replaced with Department of Defense—army, navy, and air force all under the leadership of the Joint Chiefs of Staff  How can this influence the efficiency of US armed forces? ► Loyalty review board investigates federal employees—many are fired/resign ► House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) investigates suspected Communist groups within the US (liberal groups, labor unions, anti-war organizations)  Investigate people in the film industry—Hollywood Ten go to jail for refusing to answer the questions of the HUAC—careers were destroyed (blacklisted) ► Groups protest the HUAC because its investigations violated civil rights ► Communist party members have to register with the federal government—immigration of suspected communists is restricted (Internal Security Act)

5. McCarthyism ► “the Communists within our borders have been more responsible for the success of communism abroad than Soviet Russia”-Senator Joseph McCarthy  Do you think this was actually the case? ► Helps fuel anti-communist hysteria within the US ► With almost no actual evidence McCarthy questioned the patriotism and ruins the reputation of hundreds of government workers  Why were so many people inclined to believe McCarthy’s outrageous accusations?  Why were other politicians afraid to challenge or criticize him?

6. McCarthy’s Downfall ► In 1954 McCarthy accuse the army of harboring communists  The trial is televised and everyone sees what a crazy bully he really is  His popularity declines after that

7. Other Issues ► H-bomb (hydrogen bomb) created in 1952—more powerful than atom bomb ► Bomb shelters, “Duck and Cover”, nuclear survival pamphlets ► Nuclear fallout, radiation sickness (people working 85 miles away from test sites got sick in Japan) ► Space programs (Sputnik-1st satellite, launched by Soviets)—America does not want to fall behind  NASA established in 1958 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)  1st US satellite—Explorer I (1958)