1. ISE 491 - 11 Key Concepts Terminology –systems engineering: an interdisciplinary approach and means to enable the realization of successful systems. It focuses on defining customer needs and required functionality early in the development cycle, documenting requirements, then proceeding with design synthesis and system validation while considering the complete problem. … integrates all the disciplines and specialty groups into a team effort forming a structured development process that proceeds from concept to production to operation … considers both the business and the technical needs of all customers with the goal of providing a quality product that meets the user needs.” (International Council on Systems Engineering, www.incose.org)

2. ISE 491 - 12 What is a system? “an assemblage or combination of elements or parts forming a complex or unitary whole,...” (pg. 3) –unity, functional relationship, and useful purpose are required –composed of components, attributes, & relationships Properties of the components of a system (pg. 4)

3. ISE 491 - 13 How complex can systems get?

4. ISE 491 - 14 The Role Of The Systems Engineer The role of science is to determine "what is" by determining the "laws" of science through the development of theoretical hypotheses and experimentation. Traditional engineering design of components uses scientific principles to create solutions to a specification or "what can be". Systems engineers, working as a coordinated set of teams, determine "what should be" (i.e., system requirements) –SE is the interface between component engineering (the people in search of physical solutions) and society (the people with a need) –it involves the use of appropriate technologies and management principles in a synergetic manner

5. ISE 491 - 15 An Example: DoD Systems Acquisition Process

6. ISE 491 - 16 What’s Really Involved …

7. ISE 491 - 17 Some Classifications of Systems Natural vs Human-Made Physical vs Conceptual Static vs Dynamic Closed vs Open

8. ISE 491 - 18 Technology & Technical Systems Technology – the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area; a capability given by the practical application of knowledge (Merriam-Webster Online) –recall EGR108 – technology impacts society / society drives technology Technical systems –all types of human-made artifacts, including technical products and processes –most technical systems are hybrid collections of simpler systems –the impact of the system usually extends beyond the bounds of the system itself

9. ISE 491 - 19 Machine Age vs Systems Age What’s the difference? –how people understand the world reductionism: ______________________________ expansionism: ______________________________ –what is important to understand mechanism: _______________________________ teleology:__________________________________

10. ISE 491 - 110 Homework Read Chapter 1 and answer the following questions at the end of the chapter: 2, 4, 8, 15, and 20 (note: refer to #18 & 19) Read chapter 2