1. 1 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. Suggestion on How to Use Industry Trainers are encouraged to use this material in their sessions Download the presentation file Print the Notes pages and read them as you view the presentation in the “Slide Show” view. In this way you see the slides in large format and have animation (when available)

2. © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. Selective Coordination Background-Why Mandatory Requirements-It Fills the Reliability “Hole”

3. 3 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 3 Selective Coordination Requirements 2008 NEC ® Chapters 1 through 4: Generally for all electrical installations No selective coordination requirements NEC® is a trademark of the National Fire Protection Association, Inc.

4. 4 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 4 Selective Coordination Requirements 2014 NEC ® Chapters 1 through 4: Generally for all electrical installations No selective coordination requirements Selective coordination requirements under “special” Chapters Chapter 6 Special Equipment Elevator Circuits: 620.62 Critical Operations Data Systems: 645.27 Chapter 7 Special Conditions Emergency Systems: 700.28 Legally Required Standby Systems: 701.27 Critical Operations Power Systems: 708.54 NEC® is a trademark of the National Fire Protection Association, Inc. These special systems and equipment supply vital loads essential for life safety, public safety, or national security. Reliability is more crucial than for systems in Chapter 1-4. These special systems and equipment supply vital loads essential for life safety, public safety, or national security. Reliability is more crucial than for systems in Chapter 1-4.

5. 5 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 5 Scopes of NEC ® Articles 700, 701 & 708 Article 700 Emergency Systems/Article 701 Legally Required Standby Systems/Article 708 Critical Operations Power Systems “The provisions of this article apply to the electrical safety of the installation, operation, and maintenance…” 700 & 701 “The provisions of this article apply to the installation, operation, monitoring, control, and maintenance…” 708 “Essential for safety of human life”

6. 6 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 6 These Special System Requirements Separate dedicated Articles in the NEC 700, 701, & 708 Minimum standards Delivering reliable power to life safety loads Alternate power sources Separate wiring Locate wiring to avoid outage due to physical damage Testing, maintenance, and record retention Automatic transfer switches (ATSs) Separate ATSs for load segmenting & shedding Purpose: system reliability for availability of power to loads

7. 7 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 7 Why?  Focus on the loads! For a few vital loads Life Safety Public safety and national security (COPS)  NEC ® 700.1 Scope FPN states “FPN No. 3: Emergency systems are generally installed in places of assembly where artificial illumination is required for safe exiting and for panic control in buildings subject to occupancy by large numbers of persons, such as hotels, theaters, sports arenas, health care facilities, and similar institutions. Emergency systems may also provide power for such functions as ventilation where essential to maintain life, fire detection and alarm systems, elevators, fire pumps, public safety communications systems, industrial processes where current interruption would produce serious life safety or health hazards, and similar functions.” Why Have These Special Requirements

8. 8 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 8 Why?  Increases system reliability Availability of power to vital loads as long as possible Emergencies and disasters Why Have These Special Requirements ATS NE Panel Emergency Source Normal Source

9. 9 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 9 Informational Notes: non-mandatory Design consideration Unenforceable point of interest 2005 NEC ® cycle, CMP 13 moved selective coordination from Informational Note to Requirement Society is changing Building systems evolving Dependency on availability of power for life safety loads NEC ® Panel 13 Statement: “The panel agrees that selective coordination of emergency system overcurrent devices with the supply side overcurrent devices will provide for a more reliable emergency system.” “Informational Note” to Mandatory

10. 10 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 10 First Section in NEC ® NEC ® 90.1 Purpose. (A) Practical Safeguarding. “The purpose of this Code is the practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity.”

11. 11 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 11 First Section in NEC ® NEC ® 90.1 Purpose. (A) Practical Safeguarding. “The purpose of this Code is the practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity.” Hazard exists if power is lost to loads vital for mass of people to exit a building in an emergency Selective coordination for these special systems Emphasis on personal safety Similar to GFCIs

12. 12 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 12 Why Selective Coordination Proposed for Inclusion Until 2005 NEC ® “Hole” in minimum system reliability requirements Could negate the intended system reliability 2005 NEC ® remedied the “hole” Selective coordination requirements Articles 700 and 701

13. 13 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 13 “This article specifically mandates that the emergency circuits be separated from the normal circuits as shown in [Section] 700.9(B) and that the wiring be specifically located to minimize system hazards as shown in [Section] 700.9(C), all of which reduce the probability of faults, or failures to the system so it will be operational when called upon. With the interaction of this Article for emergency lighting for egress, it is imperative that the lighting system remain operational in an emergency. Failure of one component must not result in a condition where a means of egress will be in total darkness as shown in [Section] 700.16…. Selectively coordinated overcurrent protective devices will provide a system that will support all these requirements and principles. With properly selected overcurrent protective devices, a fault in the emergency system will be localized to the overcurrent protective device nearest the fault, allowing the remainder of the system to be functional…Due to the critical nature of the emergency system uptime, selective coordination must be mandated for emergency systems. This can be accomplished by both fuses and circuit breakers based on the system design and the selection of the appropriate overcurrent protective devices.” Establishes the Need The substantiation for the original (2005) NEC ® proposal for Section 700.28 provides the reasons:

14. 14 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 14 “This article specifically mandates that the emergency circuits be separated from the normal circuits as shown in [Section] 700.9(B) and that the wiring be specifically located to minimize system hazards as shown in [Section] 700.9(C), all of which reduce the probability of faults, or failures to the system so it will be operational when called upon. With the interaction of this Article for emergency lighting for egress, it is imperative that the lighting system remain operational in an emergency. Failure of one component must not result in a condition where a means of egress will be in total darkness as shown in [Section] 700.16…. Selectively coordinated overcurrent protective devices will provide a system that will support all these requirements and principles. With properly selected overcurrent protective devices, a fault in the emergency system will be localized to the overcurrent protective device nearest the fault, allowing the remainder of the system to be functional… Due to the critical nature of the emergency system uptime, selective coordination must be mandated for emergency systems. This can be accomplished by both fuses and circuit breakers based on the system design and the selection of the appropriate overcurrent protective devices.” Identifies the “Hole” The substantiation for the original (2005) NEC ® proposal for Section 700.28 provides the reasons:

15. 15 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 15 The substantiation for the original (2005) NEC ® proposal for Section 700.28 provides the reasons: “This article specifically mandates that the emergency circuits be separated from the normal circuits as shown in [Section] 700.9(B) and that the wiring be specifically located to minimize system hazards as shown in [Section] 700.9(C), all of which reduce the probability of faults, or failures to the system so it will be operational when called upon. With the interaction of this Article for emergency lighting for egress, it is imperative that the lighting system remain operational in an emergency. Failure of one component must not result in a condition where a means of egress will be in total darkness as shown in [Section] 700.16….Selectively coordinated overcurrent protective devices will provide a system that will support all these requirements and principles. With properly selected overcurrent protective devices, a fault in the emergency system will be localized to the overcurrent protective device nearest the fault, allowing the remainder of the system to be functional… Due to the critical nature of the emergency system uptime, selective coordination must be mandated for emergency systems. This can be accomplished by both fuses and circuit breakers based on the system design and the selection of the appropriate overcurrent protective devices.” Provides solution: Selective Coordination as a Requirement, not a FPN Provides solution: Selective Coordination as a Requirement, not a FPN

16. 16 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 16 Code Panel Statement to the original (2005) NEC ® proposal for Section 700.27 provides the reasons: Panel Meeting Action: Accept in Principle in Part Delete 700.25 FPN and add New Section 700.27 (now 700.28) to read as follows: Code Panel 13 accepted 13-1 700.27 “Coordination. Emergency system(s) overcurrent devices shall be selectively coordinated with all supply side overcurrent protective devices." NEC ® Panel 13 Statement: “The panel agrees that selective coordination of emergency system overcurrent devices with the supply side overcurrent devices will provide for a more reliable emergency system…”

17. 17 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 17 2008 NEC ® Article 708 Critical Operations Power Systems (COPS) created by new Code Panel 20 708.54 Selective Coordination Selective coordination requirements in 700.27, 701.27, & 620.62 challenged Plenty of pro and con submittals All rationale was presented, debated, and discussed All selective coordination requirements retained 700.28 & 701.27 added two exceptions that did not reduce life safety

18. 18 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 18 2008 NEC ® Comment Stage Panel 12 voted unanimously (11–0) to retain the requirement for selective coordination in elevator circuits (620.62) ( Required since 1993) Panel 13 voted 11–2 to add exceptions to 700.28 and 701.27 for two devices of the same ampere rating in series and single devices on the primary and secondary of a transformer Panel 20 voted 16–0 (three times) and 15–1 (one time) to reject all attempts to reduce or eliminate this key life safety requirement (708.54)

19. 19 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 19 2008 NEC ® Code Cycle Proposal 13-135 proposed the elimination of the selective coordination requirement for 700.27 and moving the language to a fine print note Code Panel 13 rejected 9–4

20. 20 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 20 2008 NEC ® Code Cycle Proposal 13-135 proposed the elimination of the selective coordination requirement for 700.27 and moving the language to a fine print note Code Panel 13 rejected 9–4 NEC ® Panel 13 Statement: “This proposal removes the selective coordination requirement from the mandatory text and places it in a non-mandatory FPN. The requirement for selective coordination for emergency system overcurrent devices should remain in the mandatory text. Selective coordination increases the reliability of the emergency system. The current wording of the NEC is adequate. The instantaneous portion of the time-current curve is no less important than the long time portion. Selective coordination is achievable with the equipment available now.” Reaffirm as requirement and not a FPN

21. 21 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 21 2008 NEC ® Code Cycle Comment 20-13, proposed deletion of the selective coordination requirement Code Panel 20 rejected Comment 16–0 NEC ® Panel 20 Statement: “The overriding theme of Articles 585 (renumbered to 708) is to keep the power on for vital loads. Selective coordination is obviously essential for the continuity of service required in critical operations power systems. Selective coordination increases the reliability of the COPS system.” Reaffirms selective coordination required for system reliability

22. 22 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 22 Extra Costs & Work Cost may not be greater All the requirements in Articles 645, 700, 701, and 708 result in extra work and cost Alternate power source, additional distribution gear, ATSs, monitoring, separate wiring, etc. Test, maintain, and retain records for these systems Extra cost is expected Business and government mission critical operations Typically designed selectively coordinated No less should be expected for life safety loads If we do it to protect our vital business assets, why can’t we do it to protect our people?

23. 23 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 23 Summary-History of Selective Coordination Requirements in the NEC® 620.62: 1993 NEC ® 700.28 & 701.27: 2005 NEC ® 708.54 2008 NEC ® 645.27 2014 NEC ® The requirements in five Articles: Minimum standards for circuits supplying a few vital life safety loads Selective coordination increases system reliability

24. 24 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 24 Summary Building systems depend more on electricity Requirements must change Critical Operations Power Systems (Article 708) Addressed at request of Homeland Security Systems supplying vital loads More reliable than systems supplying normal loads Hence the reason for Articles 700, 701, & 708 Life safety and national security rely on power to these vital loads even under adverse conditions such as fires, natural disasters, and man-made catastrophes Selective coordination of OCPDs requirement for these special systems adds another assurance of reliability: it fills the “hole”

25. 25 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 25 Summary of Requirements: Selective Coordination Key Selective Coordination requirements Art.100 Definition: Coordination (Selective) 517.30(F) Coordination for Healthcare 620.62 Elevator Circuits 645.27 Critical Operations Data Systems (New for 2014) 700.28 Emergency Systems 701.27 Legally Required Standby Systems 708.54 Critical Operations Power Systems (COPS)

26. 26 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 26 Selective Coordination Check List AHJ checklist available at eaton.com/bussmannseries Click on “Resources” Click on “Education” Click on “Solution Center” Click on “Electrical Inspector Tools” Click on “Selective Coordination Requirements Checklist” Choose either “PDF” or Word doc”

27. 27 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved.. 27 Thank You Selective coordination increases the system reliability to deliver power to vital loads eaton.com/bussmannseries

28. 28 © 2015 Eaton. All Rights Reserved..