1. Simulation Project Status Witek Pokorski, PH/SFT 19.11.2007

2. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski2 Simulation Project Structure and tasks Simulation Framework (Witek Pokorski) Geometry exchange format (GDML), FLUGG, persistency Geant4 (John Apostolakis) LHC-oriented development and support of Geant4 toolkit Fluka (Alfredo Ferrari) LHC-oriented development and support of Fluka Garfield (Rob Veenhof) Development and support Physics Validation (Alberto Ribon) Validation of the detector simulation MC engines Generator Services (Witek Pokorski) Event generators repository, generator validation, HepMC Simulation Project (Gabriele Cosmo) Coordination Geant4 collaboration FLUKA collaboration Experiments Validation MC4LHC

3. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski3 Geant4 - Highlights of 2007 (1) Physics model revisions Physics improved, after investigating shower shape New Quasi-elastic channel  Not modelled before in high-energy interaction Accounts for 5-10% of cross-section, replacing part of QGS-‘deep’ interaction Revised FTF model for protons (in v8.3), and pions (9.0)  Model usable below 10 GeV, being tested down to 4-5 GeV Models already utilized in revision of physics lists (8.3)  QGSP & QGSP_BERT use new Quasi-elastic channel  FTFP uses revised FTF model and demonstrated improvement of shower shape (Atlas results) for either pions (QGSP_BERT best) or protons (FTFP best). Improved stability of energy loss algorithm achieved  Demonstrated to 1% level in Fano cavity conditions (LAPP/MPFI)

4. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski4 Geant4 - Highlights of 2007 (2) Validation and CPU performance Validation extended, including  hadron interactions ( 3, 15, 159 GeV/c )  neutron transport as in TARC experiment (2.5 GeV/c) Assessment of hadron cross-sections  Fixes for E>100 GeV, new Barashenkov  for protons Computing performance (7.1 vs 8.3/9.0 )  Improved hadronic modeling, more secondaries/steps, cost +20%  Gained ~3-6% addressing leading hotspots Ongoing work with CMS/FNAL team  Use of better models is growing - challenge is their extra CPU cost multiple scattering (+50%), BERTini (+50%, added in best physics list) Fixes for NaNs, reported & found New module for Error Propagation (P.Arce, CIEMAT) – G4 9.0

5. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski5 FLUKA Highlights from last year Flair: the new FLUKA GUI Release Fluka2006.3b (March 2007)  Direct pair production by heavy ions  installed in LCG AFS area FLUKA Course: Houston, May 14-18th FLUKA Course: Legnaro, October 15-19th Applications to hadrontherapy (Florian Sommerer, CERN PhD, won the GSI “Cristoph Schmelzer Award 2007” for his work applying FLUKA to hadrontherapy monitoring problems)

6. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski6 FLUKA FLAIR - Program interface Wrapper of standalone applications Tree browser to select application Allow different ways of viewing the same object Input:  Filtering Cards  Show card links  Units: i.e. 20 GeV/c (ToDo)  Data validation  Import/Export on various formats Process:  Debugging  Compilation  Run monitoring  Merging Plotting:  Interface to plot packages  Table of Isotopes Python Libraries:  Input file manipulation  Processing  Plotting

7. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski7 Present Earlier Neutron flux near the beam pipe Validation of previous studies  Neutron, charged hadron and photon fluences agree with earlier calculations  Radionuclide production in cavern air also agrees  M.Brugger, S.Roesler, S.Mueller, R.Ranieri, R. Veenhof and FLUKA collaboration CMS Activation study using FLUKA

8. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski8 GARFIELD New developments Gas-based detectors simulation program  Interface with Ansys electrostatics  Analytic solutions found for diffusion in certain non-homogeneous fields  RD51 is expected to lead to a considerable increase of activity new requirements foreseen

9. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski9 Physics Validation Activities in 2007  conclusion of the first round of studies on hadronic shower shapes  CERN-LCGAPP-2007-02 http://lcgapp.cern.ch/project/docs/noteShowerShapes.ps http://lcgapp.cern.ch/project/docs/noteShowerShapes.ps  improvement on the longitudinal shower shape in Geant4 version 8.3 (inclusion of a new process)  Fluka and Geant4 ATLAS TileCal 2002 test-beam validation  first results presented on 25 July 2007.  simple (thin-target) benchmarks  conclusion of the 3 rd simple benchmark (inclusive pion production)  in progress 4th benchmark (single target diffraction in proton-nucleus collisions in HELIOS).  radiation studies in Geant4  TARC benchmark, and LHCb  close contacts with experimental groups  ATLAS TileCal, ATLAS HEC, ATLAS CTB, and CMS HCAL  Man power: currently 1.2 FTEs. Below 1 FTE starting from January 2008

10. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski10 Physics validation ATLAS TileCal 2002 test-beam Future work: Fluka extension of the ATLAS HEC test-beam analysis. data MC data MC data MC data MC data MC A.Dotti, LCG Physics Validation meeting, 25 July 2007 Other beam energies (50 GeV, 180 GeV, 350 GeV) in progress -expected results end 2007 GOOD 20GeV pions:total energy

11. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski11 Physics validation Atlas TileCal @90degrees In Geant4 8.3, quasi-elastic process has been included, and now QGSP_BERT describes well the longitudinal profile. QGSP_BERT improves also the lateral profile, making showers wider. Similar results seen in other analyses. T.Carli, LCG Physics Validation meeting, 17 Oct 2007 + quasi elastic

12. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski12 Simulation Framework Recent developments in geometry tools Geometry Description Markup Language (GDML)  used as exchange format and primary geometry format  new, faster ROOT GDML 'reader'  new GDML-Geant4 interface to be integrated in Geant4 FLUKA Geant4 Geometry Interface (FLUGG)  updated for the latest FLUKA and Geant4 versions  extensively used for Physics Validation Geant4 geometry persistency using ROOT I/O  all necessary adaptation done in Geant4 and ROOT

13. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski13 Generator Services new project leader and new organization since October 2006 project planning meetings every 6-months  representatives of LHC experiments as well as MC generators authors involved in decision making  project plan of work commonly agreed re-focus on efficient installation and validation of MC generators for LHC experiments several technical changes introduced to improve the usability (see next slide)  positive feedback from experiments and MC authors

14. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski14 Generator Services Generators repository (GENSER) entirely new repository structure introduced  simple configure/make for building generators moved away from SCRAM  no restriction on generators' code structure difficulties in integrating some generators not present anymore  generators released individually avoids delay of 'global' releases ATLAS, CMS and LHCb using GENSER more than 20 generators available and used

15. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski15 Generator Services Generators validation  increased effort  at least one test for each generator added tests for new C++ generators (Sherpa, Herwig++, Pythia8)  tests of distributions added  physics validation fruitful collaboration with Rivet/CEDAR project HepMC event record  ATLAS, CMS and LHCb moving to HepMC 2 MCDB - Monte Carlo event data base  ready to use

16. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski16 Simulation Project Major Milestones : 2005-2008 2005/09: VD522 - 3 rd simple benchmark completed 2005/09: VD524 - Validation of Fluka against ATLAS TileCal test-beam 2005/10: VD532 - First results of ATLAS combined and 2004 test-beams data comparisons 2006/03: GS602 - Introduction of MCDB GRID certificates and management of large files 2006/05: G4606 - Developments for Geant4 8.1 public release 2006/06: SF608 - Refinements to GDML schema to support user extensions of elements 2006/06: VD617 - Investigation of corrections to test-beam data for validation of stand-alone simulation engines 2006/12: SF613 - First release of a common framework for MCTruth handling 2006/12: G4618 - Report on the main physics effects responsible for hadronic shower development in Geant4 2007/02: GS704 - Restructure of GENSER to become SCRAM-free 2007/02: GS705 - Redesign of Generator Services Web and creation of GENSER Savannah portal 2007/03: GS707 - New Generator Services Validation Web pages 2007/06: VD703 - Application of corrections to test-beam data to the LHC calorimeter test-beam simulations 2007/06: SF709 - Integration of GDML plug-in in Geant4 2007/09: GS702 - Pythia 8 production release 2007/09: GS710 - Evaluation of the Rivet tool for application in GENSER Validation 2007/09: GS717 - Integration of MC@NLO in GENSER 2007/09: VD721 - TARC benchmark for neutron production, interaction and transportation 2007/11: SF711 - Review, redesign and debugging of the Flugg tool 2007/12: G4712 - Thin-target validations of Geant4 forward physics 2007/12: GS719 - Inclusion of new versions of supported generators in GENSER 2007/12: GS720 - Migration to HepMC-2 for ATLAS and CMS completed 2007/12: G4721 - Developments for Geant4 9.1 public release 2008/02: VD801 - 4 th simple benchmark for Geant4 and Fluka: diffraction of nuclei 2008/04: G4802 - Status report on comparisons with shower shapes and relevant physics modeling 2008/06: G4803 - Developments for June 2008 public release 2008/09: VD804 - Fluka extension to the ATLAS HEC test-beam analysis

17. 19/11/2007Witek Pokorski17 Current LCG simulation manpower As of Nov 19 Simulation framework1.30 Geant48.60 Infrastructure, performance, management (approx)2.40 EM / Hadronic physics effort (approx)4.50 Tracking, biasing, geometry (approx)1.70 CERN staff (4.00), CERN fellows/associates (4.60) Physics validation 1.20 (0.60) Validation specific to experiments 0.60 Generator services2.50 management, documentation/release 0.50 GENSER dev., Validation, MCDB 2.00 Fluka0.00 Garfield ( plus CMS activation studies )1.00 Management0.25 Total 14.85