1. 11st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013.

2. CONTENTS Global Situation Water Losses in Some Developed Countries Water Losses in Some Developing Countries The Regulatory Framework for Leakage Management in Europe Water Losses in Turkey Conclusion 2 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013.

3. GLOBAL SITUATION increasing global population 9 billion water demand 40% above available fresh water resources Estimated daily water losses : 45 million m 3 Demand of 10-20 million people Total costs : 15 billion $ a year 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 3

4. Water Losses in Some Developed Countries 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 4 CountryWater Loss Levels Netherlands3-7% Australia9.5-22% USA7.5-20% Canada7-34% UK20-23% Portugal20-50% Italy15-60% The Netherlands is probably the most efficient in the world with this low level. Losing such large amounts of water undermines the efforts in promoting water conservation and efficient use of water.

5. Water Losses in Some Developing Countries 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 5 RegionWater Loss Levels (avarage) Asia4.4% - 63.8% Singapore - Manila Africa5% - 70% South Africa - Liberia Latin America40-55% NRW reduction progress in the developing countries is painfully slow. The impact of poorly managed urban WDSs coupled with increasing global change pressures (urbanization, climate change, population growth) is likely to result in extreme scarcity scenarios.

6. The Regulatory Framework for Leakage Management in Europe 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 6 UK water companies are heavily regulated by OFWAT:  Companies must submit an annual water balance,  OFWAT sets annual leakage targets for each company,  UK leakage has reduced by one-third since regulation began in 1997. In Sweden, the municipalities are responsible for most decisions on water and sewage systems, and are therefore virtually self-regulating In Spain, water companies are regulated only for drinking water quality and tariff setting. In the Netherlands, water companies also practice a form of self regulation, with voluntary benchmarks and performance indicators that are now embedded in legislation. In France, 39% of water services (72% of consumers) are managed by private water companies.:  Companies must submit an annual operational report to municipalities.

7. The Regulatory Framework for Leakage Management in Europe 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 7 The important issue of water loss from pipes is highlighted in the EC’s 2012 Water Blueprint Paper: “…50% of water abstracted is lost in distribution”. Leakages are particularly “problematic in areas which are water stressed or at risk of becoming water stressed,”. One of the actions to improve water efficiency is regards to the problem of leakage from water distribution networks. The measure selected to assess the economic efficiency of the public water distribution network is the calculation of the Sustainable Economic Level of Leakage (SELL).

8. Water Losses in Turkey 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 8 water amount per capita 4000 m 3 20 years 1430 m 3 summer temperature up climate change precipitation down Turkey moves towards to being water poor country and this makes water resources more valuable. + =

9. Water Losses in Turkey 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 9 9 Water distribution network Water loss and leakage Raising water prices 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 54% 46% 4.8 billion ton/year water

10. Water Losses in Turkey 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 10 Population Municipality20102011 İstanbul13 120 59613 483 052 Ankara4 641 2564 762 116 İzmir3 606 3263 623 540 Bursa2 308 5742 359 804 Kocaeli1 459 7721 499 958 Diyarbakır1 090 1721 132 351 Sivas 433 932 425 297 Amasya 219 541 210 947 80% of the NRW arises in metropolitan municipalities with more than 500.000 population. The maximum loss ratios in water systems are seen in municipalities with less than 100.000 populations and this ratio reach to 80% in some cities.

11. Water Losses in Turkey 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 11

12. Water Losses in Turkey 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 12 İSTANBUL (İSKİ):  51.9% NRW in 1995 30% leakage, awakening loss and by-pass, 10% incorrect read of meters, 5-10% unpaid consumption decreased to 25% in 2012 reconstruction and rehabilitation of water network putting in use of card pre-paid system

13. Water Losses in Turkey 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 13 ANKARA (ASKİ):  126 million m 3 in 2005 mostly from unqualified house connections and unqualified water meters a saving of 24 million m 3 was achieved in 2011 SCADA Monitoring of supply and distrubition system renewal of water meters

14. Water Losses in Turkey 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 14 İZMİR (İZSU):  22.8 million m 3 water was recovered in a year (2004-2005) monthly 16.000 Euro saving the aim is 20-25% NRW district metered areas renewal of after dated meters also meters were installed for green areas converters were installed in pumping stations SCADA

15. Water Losses in Turkey 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 15 DİYARBAKIR (DİSKİ):  50% NRW in 2011 mostly from illegal consumption 15% saving was provided in a month just with the help of imposing penalty of 127.000 Euro for the illegal consumption GIS application renewal of water meters

16. Water Losses in Turkey In Turkey, the major reasons of NRW in water systems are:  Pipe age,  Insufficient and irregular repair and maintenance,  High pressure,  Unauthorised connections,  Incorrect meters,  Road and excavation works. There is no common implementation in Turkey regarding the water loss and leakage reduction yet.

17. 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 17 Prevention of illegal usage Inspection and monitoring of system consistantly Calibration and replacement of meters and pipes Training of technical staff Potentially Recoverable NRW SCADA Water Losses in Turkey Measures to prevent NRW

18. Water Losses in Turkey If the NRW ratio in metropolitan municipalities of Turkey is decreased to 20% 1.8 billion tones of water will be saved = capacity of a two year water need of İstanbul and Ankara  İstanbul, daily water consumption; 1.800.000 tons  Ankara, daily water consumption; 850.000 tons It is a quietly difficult and expensive to find new water resources and to serve it. Because of that, the NRW prevention studies in the existing water system must be prioritized in the solution of drinking water problems before looking for the new water resources.

19. 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 19 Conclusions Legal Basis 8th Five Year Development Plan; national politics  effective audit will be done to prevent illegal water usage,  maps (GIS) will be setted to reduce leakages,  SCADA system will be setted up in metropolitan cities”.SCADA system One of the main duties of the General Directorate of Water Management is “to establish politics and to prepare legislation regarding the prevention and sustainable usage of water resources”. Draft Regulation

20. 1st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. 20 Conclusions Draft Regulation  Other country legislations and guidelines were reviewed.  Draft Regulation has been prepared and discussed in a workshop by most of stakeholders, such workshops etc. will go on before finalization.  Communiqué will be prepared as an appendix of the regulation. Other Planned Activities  Technical support and trainings will be given to municipality staff.  Prevention plans of water losses will be prepared and implementation will be monitored.  The inventory of water loss and leakage will be prepared and the received information will be integrated in Water Information System.

21. 211st EWaS-MED International Conference, Thessaloniki - Greece, 11-13 April 2013. THANK YOU… 21/01/10BRUSSELS 26 JANUARY 2010 21 21/01/1028 Kasım 2008 Marakeş/Fas21