1. Treatment duration and outcomes for male urinary tract infection (UTI) Retrospective review of 33,336 patients with index UTI from Veterans Affairs database (fiscal yr 2009) Association between patient/treatment characteristics and outcome (UTI recurrence and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) over 12 mo) for index cases in uni/multivariate analysis Antibiotics with highest use: –Ciprofloxacin 62.7% –Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 26.8% Drekonja DM. IDSA 2012 abs.1322 1 of 2

2. Treatment duration and outcomes for male urinary tract infection (UTI) CDI risk was higher with longer than shorter treatment duration: 0.5% vs 0.3%, P=0.02; OR 1.40; 95% CI 0.96-2.06 Longer antibiotic treatment duration of ≥7 days may be associated with increased late recurrence of UTI and subsequent CDI Drekonja DM. IDSA 2012 abs.1322 2 of 2

3. Relevance of empiric antibiotics for urinary tract infection (UTI) in non-critically ill patients Retrospective review of 447 non-critically ill patients with UTI (period June 2010-2011) Exclusion: requirement of ICU or inotropes, concurrent other infections Grouping according to susceptibility of urine cultures to empiric antibiotics used: comparison for clinical response to antibiotics at day 3-5, in-hospital mortality, length of stay Lee SY. IDSA 2012 abs.1370 1 of 2

4. Relevance of empirical antibiotics for urinary tract infection (UTI) in non-critically ill patients Since no adverse clinical outcomes are found, choice of antibiotics in non-critically ill patients could be deferred to after culturing results Lee SY. IDSA 2012 abs.1370 2 of 2