1.  Have some ideas about metal concentrations in soils  Get familiar with FDEP Soil Cleanup Target Levels and regulations by different countries  Background metal concentrations in Florida soils  Factors controlling metal behaviors in soils Soil processes and trace metals

2. 98 State Soil Arsenic Regulation Survey (ppm) Survey by Association for Environmental Health and Sciences (2003)

3. Distribution of As concentrations in Florida surface soils 92%<3 ppm 4%<6 ppm 4%>6 ppm

4. Comparison of the UCL and the 95 th percentile. As sample size increases, the UCL of the mean moves closer to the true mean, while the 95 th percentile remains at the upper end of distribution Mean = 15.0 (50%) UCL = 16.5 (45%) 95 th = 27.5 (5%) 97.5 th = 27.5 (2.5%)

5. Chen, M., L.Q. Ma and W. Harris. 1999. Baseline concentrations of 15 trace elements in Florida surface soils. J. Environ. Qual. 28:1173-1181. 97.5 th percentile = excluding the highest 2.5% 95 th percentile = 3.54 mg kg -1

6. Chen, M., L.Q. Ma and W. Harris. 1999. Baseline concentrations of 15 trace elements in Florida surface soils. J. Environ. Qual. 28:1173-1181

7. Properties of Florida soils: mean of 7-8 soils Ma, L.Q. F. Tan and W.G. Harris. 1997. Concentrations and distributions of 11 elements in Florida soils. J. Environ. Qual. 26:769-775. SoilClay (%) OC (%) CEC (cmolkg -1 ) SpodosolsA 1.292.3012.2 E 1.040.17 1.35 Bh 3.032.2320.2 UltisolsA 3.801.11 7.41 E 3.620.18 2.32 Bt16.70.09 5.98 As (mg kg -1 ) 0.20 0.48 0.99 3.33 3.17 7.89

8. Elemental concentrations of Florida soils (mg kg -1 ) Soil AsCrCuPbNi SpodosolsA 0.20 3.05 1.89 3.16 6.95 E 0.48 3.45 2.37 2.93 7.19 Bh 0.99 4.68 3.04 2.93 7.29 UltisolsA 3.33 9.20 5.3212.1 7.86 E 3.1710.4 5.44 8.21 8.22 Bt 7.8930.310.727.314.7

9. Chirenje et al. 2003. Soil arsenic distribution in two Florida cities: Gainesville and Miami. J. Environ. Qual. 32:109-119. http://lqma.ifas.ufl.edu/Publication/Tait-03.pdf.http://lqma.ifas.ufl.edu/Publication/Tait-03.pdf