1. Slang

2. Informal verbal communication that is generally unacceptable for formal writing.

3. Polysemous

4. Words that have multiple meanings

5. Root

6. The form of a word after all affixes are removed

7. Bound Morphome

8. A morpheme which never occurs alone but is attached to other morphemes Ex: Kindness, unlikely

9. Homographs

10. Words that are spelled identically and possibly pronounced the same Ex: Bear (animal) Bear (tolerate)

11. Homonyms

12. Words that are pronounced and possibly spelled the same, but with a different meaning Ex: Bat (animal) Bat (stick) Bat (flutter)

13. Homophones

14. Words that sound alike but have different spellings and meanings Ex: there they’re their

15. Lexicon

16. A speaker’s mental dictionary

17. Morpheme

18. The smallest unit of linguistic meaning or function Ex: sheep dog s  1 2 3 (3 morphemes)

19. Morphology

20. The sub-field of linguistics that studies internal structure of words and relationships among words

21. Ebonics

22. An alternative term used in 1997 for various dialects of the African-American English

23. Etymology

24. The history of words; the study of the history of words

25. Phonology

26. The sub-field of linguistics that studies structure and systematic patterning of sounds in human language

27. Phonetics

28. *The system of speech sounds of a language or group of languages *The study and systematic classification of the sounds made in spoken utterance

29. Pragmatics

30. A technical term meaning, roughly, what the person speaking or writing actually meant, rather than what the words themselves mean.

31. Semantics

32. The study of meaning, reference, truth, and related notions

33. Syntax

34. The rules of sentence formation; the component of mental grammar and structure of phrases and sentences

35. Antonym

36. A word of opposite meaning

37. Acronym

38. A word formed by combining the initial letters of a series or related words Ex: NATO, ESL, MIA

39. Clause

40. A group of words containing a subject and predicate (Found in a complex or compound sentence)

41. Creole

42. Pidgin language that has become established as the native language of a speech community

43. Connotation

44. An additional, suggested meaning as opposed to a literal, direct meaning

45. Cognate

46. Words that have the same linguistic root or origin

47. Denotation

48. The literal direct meaning of a word

49. Metonymy

50. A figure of speech consisting of the use of the name of one thing for that of another Ex: The White House  government

51. Orthography

52. *The art of writing words with proper letters according to standard usage *the representation of sounds of a language by written or printed symbols *language and spelling *usually arises as methods of communication b/w groups that have no language in common

53. Synonym

54. One of two or more words or expressions of the same language that have similar meanings

55. Dialect

56. A variety of a language whose grammar differs in systematic ways from other varieties

57. Prefix

58. Affix has to be added to the beginning of a word Ex: mislead

59. Suffix

60. Affix has to be added at the end of the word Ex: foolish

61. Illocutionary Force

62. The basic purpose of a speaker in making an utterance and attitudes that accompany it

63. Proto-language

64. A recorded or reconstructed language that is the ancestor of another language

65. Inflectional Morphemes

66. Indicates number, person, case, and tense; the part of grammar that deals with inflections of words

67. Derivational Morphemes

68. The part of grammar that deals with the derivations of words

69. Deep Structure

70. The abstract level of language; conceived as containing all info needed to make any sentence

71. Surface Structure

72. Grammatical structure that actually occurs; in some types of grammar, a representation of the sequence of syntactic elements that constitute one sentence