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Two cell types Prokaryotes -simple Pro=before kary=nucleus NO nucleus No membrane-bound organelles Small in size Usually unicellular organisms (bacteria)

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Presentation on theme: "Two cell types Prokaryotes -simple Pro=before kary=nucleus NO nucleus No membrane-bound organelles Small in size Usually unicellular organisms (bacteria)"— Presentation transcript:

1 Two cell types Prokaryotes -simple Pro=before kary=nucleus NO nucleus No membrane-bound organelles Small in size Usually unicellular organisms (bacteria) Eukaryotes - complex Eu=true kary=nucleus Has a nucleus Has membrane-bound organelles: nucleus, vacuole, mitochondrion… Large in size Mostly multicellular organisms

2 Cell Parts Animal Cell Plant Cell

3 Nucleus: Control Center Contains the DNA: the coded instructions for making proteins and other important molecules Nucleolus: where the assembly of ribosomes begins

4 Vacuoles : Storage Center Vacuoles store materials like water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates Plant: 1 large Animal: many, small

5 Ribosomes: Assembly (synthesis) Proteins are assembled on the ribosomes Ribosome: small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in all cells Takes orders directly from DNA “boss”

6 Mitochondria: The Powerhouse Converts chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use Has an inner and outer membrane (more surface area inside)

7 Cell Membrane: Barrier Cell Membrane: flexible; regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Provides protection and support

8 Plants only: Chloroplasts - Energy Chloroplasts: capture energy from sunlight and convert it into food that contains chemical energy in a process called PHOTOSYNTHESIS Inside looks like a stack of green coins

9 Plants only: Cell Wall: Support/Protect Cell Wall: outside the cell membrane; it helps support, shape, and protect plant cells Composed of cellulose

10 Animals only: Centrioles: Organize Cell Division Centrioles: Located near the nucleus and help organize cell division Animal cells have them; plants DON’T

11 Endoplasmic Reticulum: Internal Membrane System Rough ER: ribosomes on surface; ribosomes insert new proteins into rough ER where they may be chemically modified Smooth ER: hold a collection of enzymes

12 Golgi Apparatus: Post Office Golgi Apparatus: modifies, sorts, and packages proteins & other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or release outside the cell


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