1. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines 3-5 Slopes of Lines Holt Geometry Warm Up Warm Up Lesson Presentation Lesson Presentation Lesson Quiz Lesson Quiz

2. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Warm Up Find the value of m. 1.2. 3.4. undefined0

3. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Find the slope of a line. Use slopes to identify parallel and perpendicular lines. Objectives

4. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines The slope of a line in a coordinate plane is a number that describes the steepness of the line. Any two points on a line can be used to determine the slope.

5. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines

6. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Ex 1 Use the slope formula to determine the slope of each line. Substitute (–2, 7) for (x 1, y 1 ) and (3, 7) for (x 2, y 2 ) in the slope formula and then simplify. AB

7. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Ex 2 Use the slope formula to determine the slope of each line. AC Substitute (–2, 7) for (x 1, y 1 ) and (4, 2) for (x 2, y 2 ) in the slope formula and then simplify.

8. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines The slope is undefined. Ex 3 Use the slope formula to determine the slope of each line. AD Substitute (–2, 7) for (x 1, y 1 ) and (–2, 1) for (x 2, y 2 ) in the slope formula and then simplify.

9. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines A fraction with zero in the denominator is undefined because it is impossible to divide by zero. Remember!

10. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Ex 4 Use the slope formula to determine the slope of JK through J(3, 1) and K(2, –1). Substitute (3, 1) for (x 1, y 1 ) and (2, –1) for (x 2, y 2 ) in the slope formula and then simplify.

11. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines One interpretation of slope is a rate of change.

12. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines When graphing time on a coordinate plane, it usually goes on the x-axis. Hint!

13. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Ex 5: Transportation Application Justin is driving from home to his college dormitory. At 4:00 p.m., he is 260 miles from home. At 7:00 p.m., he is 455 miles from home. Graph the line that represents Justin ’ s distance from home at a given time. Find and interpret the slope of the line. Use the points (4, 260) and (7, 455) to graph the line and find the slope. Hours Miles

14. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Example 2 Continued The slope is 65, which means Justin is traveling at an average of 65 miles per hour. miles hour

15. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Example 6 What if…? Use the graph below to estimate how far Tony will have traveled by 6:30 P.M. if his average speed stays the same. Since Tony is traveling at an average speed of 60 miles per hour, by 6:30 P.M. Tony would have traveled 390 miles.

16. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines

17. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines If a line has a slope of, then the slope of a perpendicular line is. The ratios and are called opposite reciprocals.

18. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Four given points do not always determine two lines. Graph the lines to make sure the points are not collinear. Caution!

19. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Example 7: Determining Whether Lines Are Parallel, Perpendicular, or Neither Graph each pair of lines. Use their slopes to determine whether they are parallel, perpendicular, or neither. UV and XY for U(0, 2), V(–1, –1), X(3, 1), and Y(–3, 3) The products of the slopes is –1, so the lines are perpendicular.

20. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Example 8: Determining Whether Lines Are Parallel, Perpendicular, or Neither Graph each pair of lines. Use their slopes to determine whether they are parallel, perpendicular, or neither. GH and IJ for G(–3, –2), H(1, 2), I(–2, 4), and J(2, –4) The slopes are not the same, so the lines are not parallel. The product of the slopes is not –1, so the lines are not perpendicular.

21. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Example 9: Determining Whether Lines Are Parallel, Perpendicular, or Neither Graph each pair of lines. Use their slopes to determine whether they are parallel, perpendicular, or neither. CD and EF for C(–1, –3), D(1, 1), E(–1, 1), and F(0, 3) The lines have the same slope, so they are parallel.

22. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Example 10 Graph each pair of lines. Use slopes to determine whether the lines are parallel, perpendicular, or neither. WX and YZ for W(3, 1), X(3, –2), Y(–2, 3), and Z(4, 3) Vertical and horizontal lines are perpendicular.

23. Holt Geometry 3-5 Slopes of Lines Example 11 Graph each pair of lines. Use slopes to determine whether the lines are parallel, perpendicular, or neither. KL and MN for K(–4, 4), L(–2, –3), M(3, 1), and N(–5, –1) The slopes are not the same, so the lines are not parallel. The product of the slopes is not –1, so the lines are not perpendicular.